Hollow Metal Waveguide Optical Interconnection Fabric

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical interconnection systems face challenges in achieving high coupling efficiency, low cost, reconfigurability, and reliability for connecting electronic components, particularly in large-scale interconnections between multiple components, due to limitations in waveguide materials and routing technologies.

Innovation Solution

The use of hollow metal waveguides with highly reflective metallic walls and dynamic reconfigurable crosspoint switches, incorporating periscope prisms and light valves, allows for efficient routing of optical signals with low optical loss and fast switching times, enabling connections between any input and output nodes in a circuit switched optical interconnection fabric.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If traditional waveguide materials and routing technologies are used, then system cost and complexity are reduced, but coupling efficiency and optical loss performance deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical lossVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter of waveguides from traditional dielectric materials to hollow metal waveguides with highly reflective metallic walls. This parameter change reduces optical loss by utilizing the high reflectivity of metals at optical frequencies, while the modular crossbar switch architecture maintains manageable system complexity through standardized components and routing logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If static optical routing is used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability and reconfigurability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereconfigurabilityVSAvoidswitching mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic reconfigurability through crosspoint switches that can change their routing state based on control signals. The system transitions from static optical paths to dynamically configurable paths, allowing the optical fabric to adapt to different connectivity requirements while maintaining a relatively simple underlying hardware architecture through standardized crossbar switch modules.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If high-speed optical switching is implemented, then productivity and data rate are improved, but switching precision and control complexity worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata rateVSAvoidswitching control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical or electronic switching mechanisms with all-optical switching using light valves and reflective elements. This substitution enables high-speed operation at optical frequencies (approaching terahertz) while simplifying control precision requirements, as the optical elements respond directly to control signals without mechanical inertia or electronic bandwidth limitations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Adaptability or versatility

If dense interconnection fabric is used, then adaptability and connectivity are improved, but optical loss and signal degradation worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveconnectivityVSAvoidoptical loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the optical interconnection fabric into modular crossbar switch units, each handling a subset of inputs and outputs. This segmentation allows for optimized local routing paths with minimal crossings, reducing cumulative optical loss while maintaining overall system adaptability. The modular architecture enables scaling connectivity without proportionally increasing path length and loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in a low-loss, cost-effective, and dynamically reconfigurable optical interconnection fabric capable of handling high data rates, approaching terahertz frequencies, with fast switching speeds and reliable operation, addressing the limitations of traditional waveguide systems.

Implementation Method 1

hollow metal waveguides with highly reflective metallic walls

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Implementation Method 2

incorporating periscope prisms and light valves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP2517058B1Circuit switched optical interconnection fabric
Publication Date: 2020.07.15 HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE DEV LP
  • EP2517058B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2517058B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2517058B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A circuit switched optical interconnection fabric (100) includes a first hollow metal waveguide (115) and a second hollow metal waveguide (120) which intersects the first hollow metal waveguide (115) to form an intersection (122). An optical element (125) within the intersection (122) is configured to selectively direct an optical signal between the first hollow metal waveguide (115) and a second hollow metal waveguide (120).