Hollow Punch Rivet Geometry for High-Strength Sheet Joining

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing semi-hollow punch rivets, such as the C-rivet and P-rivet, are inadequate for joining high-strength workpieces due to excessive expansion and insufficient material in the undercut region, leading to low obtainable strength and instability during punch riveting, particularly in high-strength metal sheets used in lightweight construction.

Innovation Solution

A punch rivet with a shank internal diameter to external diameter ratio between 0.52 and 0.6, featuring a ring cutting edge with a smaller diameter than the external diameter, and a radial shank thickness greater than 1.1 mm, which reduces radial expansion and maintains sufficient deformability for forming an undercut, while the ring cutting edge merges into the shank internal diameter via a cutting radius and conical surface to enhance stability and deformability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the shank internal diameter is increased to receive the punch slug, then the shank interior volume is sufficient, but the radial shank thickness decreases leading to excessive expansion and insufficient rigidity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshank interior volumeVSAvoidrigidity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the ratio of shank internal diameter to external diameter within a specific range (0.45 to 0.65). This controlled parameter adjustment ensures the shank has sufficient internal volume to receive the punch slug while maintaining adequate radial thickness (greater than 1.0 mm) to provide the necessary rigidity and resist excessive expansion during the punch riveting process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If the radial shank thickness is increased to provide rigidity and reduce expansion, then the shank can penetrate high-strength sheets, but the shank internal volume decreases making it insufficient to receive the punch slug

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproverigidityVSAvoidshank internal volume
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent resolves this contradiction by defining an optimal parameter range for the internal-to-external diameter ratio (0.45 to 0.65) and specifying a minimum radial shank thickness greater than 1.0 mm. These parameter specifications ensure that the shank maintains sufficient rigidity to penetrate high-strength metal sheets while simultaneously providing adequate internal volume to accommodate the punch slug during the riveting process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If a sharp ring cutting edge at the shank external diameter is used to pierce the workpiece, then the cutting edge is effective, but the shank expands strongly during punch riveting leaving little material in the undercut region

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting edge effectivenessVSAvoidundercut region material
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by positioning the ring cutting edge at a specific location on the shank end face with a diameter smaller than the shank external diameter. This localized feature design ensures effective cutting action during piercing while controlling the expansion behavior during riveting, thereby preserving sufficient material in the undercut region of the bottom workpiece for adequate joint strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Strength

If the punch rivet is designed for high-strength materials (hardness) to pierce high-strength workpieces, then the piercing capability is sufficient, but the deformability in the shank region decreases reducing undercut formation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiercing capabilityVSAvoiddeformability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by carefully selecting and coordinating multiple geometric parameters including the internal-to-external diameter ratio (0.45 to 0.65), radial shank thickness (>1.0 mm), and ring cutting edge positioning. These parameter specifications create an optimized balance that allows the shank to maintain sufficient hardness for piercing high-strength materials while retaining adequate deformability to form the necessary undercut in the bottom workpiece.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a reliable method for joining high-strength workpieces with improved rigidity and residual bottom thickness, reducing material expansion and ensuring a sufficient shank internal volume to accommodate the punch slug, thereby enhancing the strength and stability of the punch-riveted joint in high-strength metal sheets.

Implementation Method 1

the upper workpiece being pierced (perforated) by the hollow shank

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

A ring cutting edge is realized on the shank end face, the diameter of which is smaller than the shank external diameter

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShear Stress: Shear Stress

Implementation Method 3

the hollow shank is hereafter radially expanded and is driven radially into the bottom workpiece such that an undercut is formed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlastic Deformation: Plasticity

Data Source

PatentEP3256747B1Punch rivet and method for producing a punch-riveted joint
Publication Date: 2021.08.25 NEWFREY LLC
  • EP3256747B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3256747B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP3256747B1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

Punch rivet (30) for joining two workpieces (12, 14), said punch rivet having a head (32) and a shank (34), wherein the shank (34) is realized as a hollow shank with a shank internal diameter (D3), a shank external diameter (D1) and a shank end face, wherein on the shank end face a ring cutting edge (50) is realized, the diameter (D4) of which is smaller than the shank external diameter (D1) and the diameter (D4) of which is greater than the shank internal diameter (D3), wherein the ring cutting edge (50) is spaced by at least 20% of the radial shank thickness (M5) of the hollow shank (34) both from the shank external diameter (D1) and from the shank internal diameter (D3). In this case, the ratio D3/D1 of shank internal diameter (D3) to shank external diameter (D1) is smaller than 0.6.