Holographic Laminated Pane Structure Blocking Plasticizer Diffusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for manufacturing laminated glass with holographic optical elements face challenges such as swelling or shrinkage of the photopolymer layer due to diffusion of plasticizers from thermoplastic polymers, leading to impaired holographic performance, and require costly and complex lamination processes in the dark.
Innovation Solution
A composite disk structure with a separating layer between the photopolymer layer and the first thermoplastic intermediate layer, combined with a support or carrier layer, prevents plasticizer diffusion, ensuring the holographic element's stability and allowing daylight lamination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If thermoplastic polymers are used to laminate the photopolymer layer, then bonding strength is improved, but plasticizers diffuse into the photopolymer layer causing swelling or shrinkage that impairs holographic performance
Solution Approach 1:
A barrier layer is introduced between the thermoplastic polymer layers and the photopolymer layer. This intermediary layer prevents plasticizers from diffusing into the photopolymer while allowing the thermoplastic layers to maintain their bonding function, thus resolving the contradiction between bonding strength and holographic performance
Solution Approach 2:
The lamination structure is segmented into distinct functional layers: outer thermoplastic polymer layers for bonding, a barrier layer for protection, and an inner photopolymer layer for holographic functionality. This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function without interfering with others
2Manufacturing precision
If lamination is performed in the dark to protect the photopolymer layer, then holographic element quality is maintained, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The barrier layer is pre-applied to the photopolymer layer before lamination. This preliminary protective action allows subsequent lamination steps to be performed under normal lighting conditions without compromising the photopolymer layer, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process while maintaining holographic element quality
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution maintains the holographic element's quality and simplifies the manufacturing process by preventing swelling or shrinkage, reducing costs, and enabling lamination in normal lighting conditions.
Implementation Method 1
This separating layer prevents plasticizers and other components from diffusing from the thermoplastic intermediate layer into the photopolymer layer with the holographic optical element and causing swelling or shrinkage of the photopolymer
Implementation Method 2
a layer of photopolymers is typically laminated between two discs
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5~6
AI summary
Laminated pane (100), at least comprising a first pane (1), a second pane (2) and a stack of layers arranged in between, at least comprising the following layers in the order from the first pane (1) to the second pane (2): a first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), a separating layer (5), a photopolymer layer (4) with at least one holographic element, a carrier layer (7) and a second thermoplastic intermediate layer (6), wherein - the photopolymer layer (4) has a thickness of 5 µm to 50 µm, - the carrier layer (7) contains polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and/or cellulose triacetate (TAC) and has a thickness of 20 µm to 100 µm, wherein the carrier layer (7) is arranged directly adjacent to the photopolymer layer (4), and - the separating layer (5) contains polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and/or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and has a thickness of 10 µm to 300 µm.