Homomorphic Encryption for Private Blockchain Transactions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blockchain systems lack privacy protection for transaction data, as blockchain ledgers record and maintain unified ledgers without encryption, making account balances and transaction amounts publicly visible.
Innovation Solution
Implementing homomorphic encryption to encrypt transaction amounts and balances, allowing for non-interactive transactions by generating and submitting homomorphic encryption ciphertexts for blockchain nodes to verify and update account balances without revealing actual values, ensuring privacy and protecting against interference from receiver participation issues.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If blockchain ledgers are made public for viewing and verification, then transparency and verification capability are improved, but privacy protection deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies homomorphic encryption to transform balance and transaction amount data from plaintext to ciphertext form, changing the data representation parameter. This allows blockchain nodes to verify transactions using encrypted data without exposing actual values, thus maintaining verification capability while achieving privacy protection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces homomorphic encryption ciphertext as an intermediary between the actual data and the blockchain ledger. This intermediary enables verification operations to be performed on encrypted data, acting as a mediator that preserves privacy while maintaining verification capability
2Loss of information
If transaction data is encrypted using homomorphic encryption, then privacy protection is improved, but transaction verification complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent leverages the self-service property of homomorphic encryption where verification operations can be performed directly on ciphertext data without decryption. The encrypted data itself carries the necessary information for verification, eliminating the need for complex decryption-verification-encryption workflows
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical verification process (decrypt-verify-encrypt) with a substituted approach using homomorphic properties, where verification operations are performed directly on encrypted data through mathematical transformations that preserve the verification logic in the encrypted domain
3Reliability
If non-interactive transactions are implemented, then resistance to receiver interference is improved, but transaction protocol complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by having the remitter generate both transaction ciphertexts and the corresponding proof of equality before submission. The random number difference is calculated and included in advance, enabling the receiver to later verify the transaction without needing to interact during the transaction creation phase
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces the difference of random numbers as an intermediary element that bridges the remitter and receiver operations. This intermediary value enables the receiver to verify transaction validity independently without requiring real-time interaction with the remitter, thus achieving non-interactive transactions
Data Source
AI summary
A method for implementing blockchain-based transactions comprises: determining a transaction amount to be remitted from a blockchain account of a remitter into a blockchain account of a receiver, wherein the blockchain account of the remitter records a homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the remitter's balance, the blockchain account of the receiver records a homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the receiver's balance; generating a homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the transaction amount with respect to the remitter and a homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the transaction amount with respect to the receiver; and submitting to the blockchain a transaction for the homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the transaction amount with respect to the remitter to be subtracted from the homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the remitter's balance and for the homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the transaction amount with respect to the receiver to be added to the homomorphic encryption ciphertext of the receiver's balance.