Homomorphic Encryption Device Optimizing Full Adder Operations
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fully homomorphic encryption, particularly in Bit-wise type homomorphic encryption, faces significant challenges in processing time due to the need for extensive Gate Bootstrapping operations, which are time-consuming and computationally intensive, especially when handling large data sets and operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and comparison for integers.
Innovation Solution
The encryption processing device optimizes the full adder operation by integrating the operations of half adders into a single unit, reducing the number of homomorphic operations required, thereby minimizing the number of Gate Bootstrapping steps and enhancing processing speed through parallel processing and efficient Bootstrapping techniques.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If Gate Bootstrapping is performed to reduce error accumulation in fully homomorphic encryption, then decryption accuracy is maintained, but computation time increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs bootstrapping operations in advance before the error becomes too large, rather than waiting for error accumulation to reach critical levels. This preliminary action allows the system to maintain decryption accuracy while managing computation time more effectively by spreading bootstrapping operations throughout the encryption process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements periodic bootstrapping operations at intervals during the homomorphic encryption process. Instead of performing a single large bootstrapping operation, the system periodically reduces error accumulation through multiple smaller bootstrapping steps, which decreases the overall computation time while maintaining decryption accuracy.
2Reliability
If Bit-wise type homomorphic encryption is used to perform logical operations on ciphertexts, then encryption security is maintained, but processing speed decreases due to the need to process multiple ciphertexts for each integer operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple bootstrapping operations into a more efficient integrated process. By combining the bootstrapping steps that would otherwise be performed separately for each ciphertext operation, the system reduces the total number of operations required while maintaining the security properties of bit-wise homomorphic encryption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes processing parameters such as the degree of polynomial rings and error distribution parameters to improve computation efficiency. By carefully selecting and adjusting these parameters, the system achieves faster processing speeds while maintaining the security guarantees of bit-wise homomorphic encryption.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the number of homomorphic operations is increased to handle complex integer operations like multiplication and comparison, then computational capability is improved, but the number of Gate Bootstrapping steps increases, reducing processing efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments complex integer operations into smaller modular components that can be processed more efficiently. By breaking down multiplication and comparison operations into sequential steps that reuse intermediate results, the system reduces the total number of bootstrapping operations required while maintaining full computational capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent maintains continuous useful action by reusing intermediate computational results across multiple operations. Instead of performing separate bootstrapping operations for each computational step, the system keeps ciphertexts in a usable state longer through optimized error management, allowing complex operations to proceed with fewer interruptions for bootstrapping.
Data Source
AI summary
An encryption processing device processes a ciphertext that has two values as a plaintext and is a ciphertext of fully homomorphic encryption that allows a logical operation without decryption. The encryption processing device executes a predetermined operation including calculating a plurality of new ciphertexts based on the ciphertexts input thereto. The encryption processing device comprising a processor which executes a process including performing a first homomorphic operation for the input ciphertext, calculating a first ciphertext having a polynomial by using a predetermined polynomial for a result of the first homomorphic operation to extract a second ciphertext having a coefficient of a plaintext polynomial of the first ciphertext, extracting a third ciphertext having another coefficient of a plaintext polynomial of the first ciphertext, and performing a homomorphic operation using the second ciphertext and the third ciphertext to calculate a fourth ciphertext.