Homomorphic Encryption Hardware for BFV, BGV, and CKKS Integration
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing homomorphic encryption technologies face inefficiencies due to the need for numerous operations, which slow down processing speed, and lack compatibility between different homomorphic encryption schemes, leading to difficulties in integrating operations across various encryption systems.
Innovation Solution
A computing apparatus and method that integrates different homomorphic operations by using a dedicated chip to perform homomorphic multiplication, re-linearization, key switching, and modulus switching operations, tailored to specific encryption schemes like BGV, BFV, and CKKS, through a selector and main controller to optimize processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If homomorphic encryption performs computations on encrypted data using higher-order polynomials, then data privacy is protected, but operation processing speed is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the homomorphic encryption system into dedicated hardware modules (adder, multiplier, re-linearization unit, key switching unit, modulus switching unit) that operate in parallel. This segmentation allows simultaneous execution of multiple polynomial operations on encrypted data, maintaining privacy protection while significantly improving processing speed through hardware-level parallelization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces software-based polynomial operations with dedicated hardware circuits. The adder, multiplier, and other processing units are implemented as hardware components that perform homomorphic operations directly on encrypted data, eliminating the overhead of software interpretation and achieving faster processing speeds while maintaining the mathematical integrity of the encryption scheme.
2Reliability
If different homomorphic encryption schemes (BFV, BGV, CKKS) use different homomorphic operations, then each scheme has optimized security properties, but compatibility between schemes is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a universal homomorphic processing platform that can handle multiple encryption schemes (BFV, BGV, CKKS) through a single integrated system. The controller selectively activates appropriate processing units based on the input scheme, allowing the same hardware infrastructure to support different cryptographic schemes with their respective security properties while enabling compatibility and interoperability between them.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic configuration where the controller adaptively routes encrypted data to appropriate processing units based on the detected encryption scheme. This dynamic approach allows the system to optimize processing paths for each scheme while maintaining a unified architecture, enabling seamless transitions between different homomorphic operations without requiring separate dedicated systems for each scheme.
3Adaptability or versatility
If a unified system integrates multiple homomorphic operations for different encryption schemes, then compatibility is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple scheme-specific processing functions into a unified hardware architecture. By combining the adder, multiplier, re-linearization unit, key switching unit, and modulus switching unit into a single integrated system controlled by a central controller, the patent reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate dedicated systems for each encryption scheme, while maintaining full compatibility across BFV, BGV, and CKKS schemes.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of integrating different homomorphic operations in homomorphic encryption is provided. The method includes receiving a homomorphic ciphertext and encryption scheme information from a ciphertext generating apparatus by using a communication interface, performing a homomorphic multiplication operation on the homomorphic ciphertext by using a homomorphic multiplication operator, analyzing the encryption scheme information to determine one operation of a re-linearization operation performed by a re-linearization operator and a key switching operation performed by a key switching operator by using a main controller, performing the determined one operation by using the re-linearization operator or the key switching operator, and performing a modulus switching operation on an operation result of the determined one operation by using a modulus switching operator.