Hop Variety Identification Using SNP Markers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for identifying hop varieties are prone to variations in enzymatic reaction conditions and reproducibility issues, making it difficult to accurately distinguish between varieties and detect mixed hop samples, especially when DNA fragments are fragmented or deteriorated.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as identification markers, involving DNA amplification, sequencing, and comparison with known hop varieties to accurately identify and analyze hop varieties, including detecting mixed samples and their proportions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If PCR-based methods are used to identify hop varieties, then variety identification can be performed, but the results are susceptible to variations in enzymatic reaction conditions and reproducibility
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the detection parameter from amplification presence/absence or fragment size (traditional PCR methods) to nucleotide sequence composition at specific SNP positions. This parameter change eliminates variability in enzymatic reaction conditions and electrophoresis parameters, achieving both high identification accuracy and reliable reproducibility across different laboratories and conditions.
2Measurement precision
If traditional DNA analysis methods are used, then variety identification is possible, but it is difficult to detect mixed hop samples and determine proportions
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces traditional mechanical separation methods (electrophoresis based on fragment size) with a molecular sequencing approach that directly detects nucleotide sequences at SNP positions. This substitution enables the detection of mixed samples by identifying multiple distinct SNP allele combinations in the same sample, allowing determination of both variety identification and mixing proportions without complex separation procedures.
3Measurement precision
If DNA fragment analysis is performed, then variety identification can be conducted, but accuracy decreases when DNA is fragmented or deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the DNA analysis task by targeting specific short regions containing SNP markers rather than requiring analysis of entire DNA fragments. This segmentation approach allows accurate variety identification even when DNA is fragmented or deteriorated, as long as the specific SNP-containing regions remain intact, thereby reducing the impact of DNA degradation on identification accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides accurate and reliable identification of hop varieties, even in deteriorated samples, and allows for the detection and analysis of mixed hop samples, ensuring high-quality beer production by ensuring correct hop varieties are used.
Implementation Method 1
amplifying a target region of a DNA molecule by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Implementation Method 2
a method of sequencing a nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule, the method comprising: performing the PCR under a condition that a fluorescent label is incorporated into an amplified DNA molecule
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for identifying the variety of a hop by using an identification marker comprising at least one single nucleotide polymorphism that differs among varieties, and a method for preparing said identification marker. The present invention also provides a primer or a probe to be used in the method for identifying the variety of a hop, and a nucleic acid of a region including said identification marker. The present invention further provides a method for detecting the intrusion of different varieties in a hop sample.