Garbage Truck Hopper Volume Detection via Machine Vision

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current garbage trucks inefficiently operate the compactor, leading to excessive energy consumption, noise generation, and pollutant emission, especially when little refuse is present, causing unnecessary wear on truck components.

Innovation Solution

Integration of a machine vision system with modulated light and a camera sensor to determine the volume and distribution of refuse in the hopper, allowing the compactor to be controlled based on specific operating modes, reducing unnecessary operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the compactor is operated continuously in current garbage trucks, then the refuse is compacted and transported, but unnecessary noise and contaminants are generated, energy is wasted, and parts are unnecessarily worn out when no or small amount of refuse is present

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefuse compaction efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses machine vision means (camera and light source) to continuously monitor the hopper and provide feedback information about refuse volume to the control unit. The control unit adjusts compactor operation based on this feedback, operating only when sufficient refuse is detected, thereby eliminating energy waste from unnecessary operation while maintaining compaction efficiency when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The machine vision system automatically detects refuse volume and triggers compactor operation without continuous human intervention or unnecessary operation. The system serves itself by monitoring its own operational conditions and adjusting accordingly, activating the compactor only when the hopper contains sufficient refuse, thus preventing energy waste and unnecessary wear.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If the compactor is operated continuously, then refuse is compacted, but unnecessary noise and pollutant emission are generated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefuse compaction efficiencyVSAvoidnoise and pollutant emission
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit receives real-time feedback from the machine vision system about refuse volume in the hopper. Based on this feedback, the compactor is activated only when sufficient refuse is present, preventing noise and pollutant emission during empty or partially-filled operations while maintaining compaction productivity when the hopper is adequately filled.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Productivity

If the compactor is operated continuously, then refuse is compacted, but parts and consumables such as oil and bearings are unnecessarily worn out

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefuse compaction efficiencyVSAvoidcomponent wear
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit monitors refuse volume through the machine vision system and uses this feedback to control compactor operation. The compactor runs only when the hopper contains sufficient refuse, reducing unnecessary mechanical wear on parts, bearings, and oil while maintaining compaction efficiency when needed, thereby improving component reliability and reducing maintenance needs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Loss of energy

If machine vision means are added to monitor refuse volume, then compactor operation is optimized, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical monitoring systems with an optical machine vision system consisting of a camera and light source. This substitution reduces mechanical complexity while enabling automatic refuse volume detection, which optimizes compactor operation and reduces energy consumption without requiring complex mechanical sensors or switches.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The machine vision system acts as an intermediary between the hopper contents and the control unit. The camera and light source provide a simple optical interface that translates refuse volume into electrical signals for the control unit, simplifying the overall system architecture compared to direct mechanical monitoring while enabling intelligent operation control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Reduces energy consumption and pollutant emission by optimizing compactor operation only when necessary, minimizing wear on truck components and enhancing operational efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The machine vision means comprise a source of modulated light, a camera sensor, and means for periodically generating geometries corresponding to the interior of the hopper

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectModulated light: Light

Implementation Method 2

This allows distances from the camera sensor to different points in the hopper to be determined based of a time-of-flight principle (ToF). Based on this principle, distances from the camera sensor to different points in the hopper are accurately determined based on time difference between the emission of modulated light and its return to the camera sensor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime-of-flight principle: Time of Flight

Implementation Method 3

The camera sensor is connected to the source of modulated light and arranged for receiving light that is reflected by the hopper, or by the refuse placed therein

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3483092B1Garbage truck
Publication Date: 2023.03.22 DENNIS EAGLE
  • EP3483092B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3483092B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3483092B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

The garbage truck (100) comprises a hopper (200) for collecting refuse, a compactor (400) for compacting refuse inside the hopper (200), machine vision means (500), and a control unit (600) connected to the machine vision means (500) and configured for monitoring an area of the interior (210) of the hopper (200) so as to determine a volume of refuse present inside the hopper (200) for controlling the compactor (400) according to a given operating mode depending on the volume of refuse present in the hopper (200).