Horizontal Fire-Protective Glazing with Metal Support Profiles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire-resistant glazing systems are not suitable for non-vertical installations, such as inclined or horizontal arrangements, as the adhesive alone cannot hold the heavy fire protection panes after the retaining strips burn off, making them unsuitable for use in non-vertical structures like building roofs.
Innovation Solution
The use of metal support profiles connected to wooden support profiles via thermally insulated cooling elements, which absorb the weight of the fire protection panes and provide additional stability, allowing for horizontal or inclined installations while protecting the wooden profiles from flames, and the use of fire-resistant glazing with intumescent materials and multi-layered panes for enhanced insulation and aesthetics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If adhesive alone is used to hold fire protection panes in vertical arrangements, then the construction is simple, but the adhesive cannot hold the heavy panes after retaining strips burn off in non-vertical installations
Solution Approach 1:
The frame construction is segmented into different functional components: wooden support profiles for structural support, metal retaining profiles for pane retention, and cooling elements for thermal insulation. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function optimally, with the metal retaining profiles providing reliable pane retention after the wooden retaining strips burn off in non-vertical installations
Solution Approach 2:
The frame construction uses composite materials combining wood and metal profiles with cooling elements. The wooden support profiles provide structural support while metal retaining profiles provide fire-resistant retention. This composite approach enables the system to handle heavy panes in non-vertical installations while maintaining fire protection properties
2Reliability
If steel frame constructions are used for horizontal or diagonal installations, then the fire protection properties are improved, but the visual appearance deteriorates and renovation suitability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the frame construction have different material qualities: wooden support profiles provide structural support and aesthetic appearance, while metal retaining profiles provide fire-resistant retention. This local differentiation allows the frame to maintain visual appeal in renovation contexts while achieving reliable fire protection through the metal components
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling elements act as intermediaries between the wooden support profiles and the fire, providing thermal insulation that protects the wood from direct fire exposure. This intermediary layer enables the use of aesthetically pleasing wooden profiles while maintaining fire protection reliability
3Reliability
If cooling elements are made thicker to protect wooden profiles from heat, then the fire protection is improved, but the overall height of the frame construction increases
Solution Approach 1:
The thickness of cooling elements is optimized as a parameter, balancing fire protection requirements with aesthetic and spatial considerations. The cooling elements are made thick enough to adequately protect wooden support profiles from fire heat, but not excessively thick to unnecessarily increase the overall height of the frame construction
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the creation of fire-resistant glazing systems that can be installed at various angles, providing effective fire and smoke containment both inside and outside buildings, maintaining stability and appearance by using metal support profiles and intumescent materials, which protect the wooden structures from heat and enhance insulation properties.
Implementation Method 1
metal support profiles, which are attached to the support profiles and thermally insulated from the support profiles by cooling elements
Implementation Method 2
fire-resistant glazing with intumescent materials and multi-layered panes for enhanced insulation and aesthetics
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The fire-protective glazing has fire protective disks (2,3) that are arranged in horizontal or diagonal manner. A frame construction unit (1) connects a carrier section (4) of wood, where the carrier section retains the weight of the fire protective disks. A holding profile (5) of metal forms a bearing surface (9,10) for the fire protective disks. The fire protective disks are made of calcium silicate, gypsum, vermiculite and cement. Cover strips (21,22) are made of wood or metal, for e.g. aluminum or stainless steel, where an intumescent layer (29,30) is made of silicate material.