Galvanic Isolation in Horn Antenna for Fill-Level Measurement

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing antenna arrangements for level measurement devices face safety concerns due to potential electrical connections and 'hum loops' or short circuits, especially when measuring large distances or in environments with agitators, and there is a need for improved bundling of microwave power components.

Innovation Solution

The antenna arrangement includes a horn antenna with a microwave-permeable process isolating element and an extension component that provides galvanic isolation, ensuring the horn-shaped component and extension component are electrically isolated, and a dielectric lens for enhanced bundling, with the extension component being horn-shaped and aligned with the horn-shaped component for optimal microwave propagation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If a horn antenna with a relatively large exit opening is used to achieve less divergent signal components and better bundling, then the antenna gain is improved, but the length of the horn antenna must be adjusted accordingly to prevent sidelobes, increasing device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna gainVSAvoidhorn antenna structure
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The horn antenna is divided into two separate components: a horn-shaped component and an extension component. This segmentation allows each component to have optimized dimensions, preventing sidelobes while achieving the desired bundling effect without requiring an excessively long single horn structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The extension component extends the horn-shaped component in the radiation direction, adding length in one dimension to achieve proper signal bundling without requiring increases in other dimensions that would create complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If the horn antenna is used for measuring large distances or in environments with agitators, then the measurement capability is improved, but electrical charges may flow to ground causing 'hum loops' or short circuits, reducing safety

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement capabilityVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A microwave-permeable process isolating element is introduced as an intermediary between the horn-shaped component and the container interior. This element provides galvanic isolation, preventing electrical charges from flowing to ground while allowing microwave signals to pass through for measurement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The electrical connection path is extracted from the system by placing the process isolating element, which removes the harmful electrical connection while preserving the microwave signal transmission path

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances safety by preventing electrical charges from flowing to ground, reduces the risk of short circuits, and achieves stronger bundling of microwave power components, improving the antenna's gain and reliability, especially in challenging measurement scenarios.

Implementation Method 1

the process separating element being designed and arranged in this way that it galvanically isolates the horn-shaped component and the extension component from one another

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGalvanic isolation: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

a horn antenna with a horn-shaped component for bundling the microwaves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMicrowave radiation: Microwave Radiation

Implementation Method 3

The horn antenna includes a first conductive housing, the interior of which is filled with a dielectric body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 4

the interior of which is filled with a dielectric body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric: Dielectric

Implementation Method 5

an extension component being provided for further bundling of the microwaves, which extends the horn-shaped component in the radiation direction of the microwaves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave bundling: Focusing

Data Source

PatentEP3017280B1Antenna assembly for a fill-level measuring device
Publication Date: 2019.09.25 ENDRESS & HAUSER GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3017280B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3017280B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3017280B1 patent drawingFigure 5a~5b

AI summary

Antenna arrangement for a fill-level measuring device for ascertaining and monitoring a fill level of a medium in a container by means of a microwave, travel-time measurement method, comprising a horn antenna having a horn shaped component for focusing microwaves and a microwave transmissive, process isolating element, which is provided in the region of the exit opening of the horn shaped component facing the medium and which isolates the interior of the horn shaped component from the interior of the container. There is provided for additional focusing of the microwaves a lengthening component, which lengthens the horn shaped component in the radiated direction of the microwaves. The process isolating element is embodied and arranged in such a manner that it isolates the horn shaped component and the lengthening component galvanically from one another.