Horn Antenna Gain Stability via Segmented Walls

The side walls are segmented by introducing cutouts that divide the continuous wall into distinct sections. These cutouts create separate regions that allow independent control of electromagnetic field distribution, thereby stabilizing antenna gain across different frequencies without significantly increasing overall structural complexity

The cutouts are strategically positioned at specific locations on the side walls to locally modify the electromagnetic field distribution. This local modification addresses the gain fluctuation problem at low frequencies by creating favorable field conditions in critical regions without requiring changes to the entire antenna structure

The side walls are divided into segments by cutouts, creating modular sections that can be manufactured and assembled independently. This segmentation maintains manufacturing simplicity while enabling precise control of the electromagnetic field to improve VSWR characteristics at low frequencies

The cutouts modify the electrical parameters of the side walls by changing the effective electrical length and impedance distribution. This parameter change optimizes the voltage standing wave ratio without requiring complex manufacturing processes, as the cutouts can be incorporated into standard fabrication procedures

The cutouts are designed with asymmetric geometry relative to the horn axis, but the fins are positioned symmetrically within these cutouts. This combination allows the asymmetric cutout shape to facilitate easier fin adjustment and insertion, while the symmetric fin placement ensures that the radiating characteristics remain balanced and symmetric

The rounded ends of the fins create curved surfaces that smoothly transition electromagnetic fields, maintaining symmetric radiation patterns. The curvature complements the cutout geometry to ensure that field distribution remains uniform and symmetric despite the ease of adjustment provided by the cutout shape