Horticultural LED Spectrum Design for Photosynthesis Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing horticultural lighting technologies, such as high-pressure sodium lamps, have suboptimal spectral quality that does not efficiently promote photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis, leading to excessive leaf and stem elongation in crops.
Innovation Solution
A single light emission source LED device with specific spectral characteristics, including at least two emission peaks in the wavelength range of 300-800 nm, one with a full width of half maximum of at least 50 nm in the 600-700 nm range, and another below 500 nm, optimized for photosynthesis using partial wavelength up-conversion materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If high-pressure sodium lamps are used for horticultural lighting, then high luminous output is achieved, but spectral quality is suboptimal leading to excessive leaf and stem elongation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the broad spectrum of high-pressure sodium lamps into specific wavelength bands using optical filters. The filter transmits only the beneficial blue (400-500 nm) and red (600-700 nm) wavelengths while blocking the harmful green (500-600 nm) and far-red (700-800 nm) regions, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining high luminous output and preventing excessive plant elongation.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by creating non-uniform spectral distribution across different wavelength regions. The optical filter allows high transmission in beneficial wavelength regions (blue and red) while providing high attenuation in harmful regions (green and far-red), thereby optimizing the spectral quality for plant growth while maintaining overall luminous output.
2Use of energy by moving object
If conventional lighting technologies are used, then high energy consumption occurs, but photosynthetic photon flux efficiency is low
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the spectral parameter distribution of the light source by introducing optical filters that selectively transmit and block specific wavelength ranges. This parameter change concentrates the photosynthetic photon flux in the most effective wavelengths for photosynthesis (blue and red regions), thereby improving photosynthetic efficiency while reducing energy waste in non-productive wavelength regions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The LED device provides enhanced photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) efficiency, achieving better PPF values per watt compared to conventional high-pressure sodium lamps, while minimizing energy waste by reducing green light emission and optimizing far-red light production.
Implementation Method 1
a light emitting diode (LED) having i) first spectral characteristics including a peak in the wavelength range from 600 to 700 nm
Implementation Method 2
a light emitting diode (LED) having i) first spectral characteristics including a peak in the wavelength range from 600 to 700 nm
Implementation Method 3
a light wavelength up-conversion phosphor which is deposited in direct proximity of the LED chip
Data Source
AI summary
A lighting fixture for facilitating plant growth and a light emitting component. The fixture includes a single light emission source LED device which provides at least two emission peaks in the wavelength range of 300-800 nm and at least one of the emission peaks has Full Width of Half Maximum (FWHM) at least 50 nm or higher. The emission peaks of the LED match well with a plant photosynthesis response spectrum and is therefore particularly suitable for high efficiency artificial lighting.