Hot Oxygen Nozzle for Gasifier Ignition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional nozzles in coal gasification processes require high temperatures and complex replacement processes, leading to high fuel consumption and long startup and shutdown times, which hinder continuous and stable operation of chemical production facilities.
Innovation Solution
A hot oxygen nozzle with a coaxial structure and cooling system that heats oxygen to 500°C or higher, allowing direct ignition of coal water slurry and other carbonaceous materials at lower temperatures, reducing fuel consumption and enhancing safety by using high-speed oxygen jets for improved atomization and heat transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional nozzles are used in gasifiers, then the gasifier can operate at high temperatures, but the startup and shutdown times are long and fuel consumption is high
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle incorporates a heating mechanism that pre-heats oxygen to 500-1500°C before injection into the gasifier. This preliminary heating action eliminates the need for separate preheating nozzles and allows direct ignition of coal water slurry, significantly reducing startup time and fuel consumption during the heating phase
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines the heating function and injection function into a single nozzle structure. The heating mechanism and oxygen injection system are integrated, allowing the nozzle to both heat the oxygen and deliver it to the gasifier simultaneously, thereby eliminating the need for separate preheating nozzles and reducing operational complexity
2Temperature
If pre-heating nozzles are used to heat the gasifier to >1000°C, then the gasifier reaches operating temperature, but the process is complex and requires nozzle replacement
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is designed to perform multiple functions: heating oxygen, injecting oxygen, and enabling direct ignition of fuel. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate preheating nozzles and processing nozzles, allowing a single nozzle to handle both heating and feeding operations throughout the gasifier's operation
Solution Approach 2:
The nozzle pre-heats oxygen to high temperatures (500-1500°C) before injection, enabling direct ignition of the coal water slurry. This preliminary heating action allows the gasifier to reach operating temperature more quickly and eliminates the need for complex nozzle replacement procedures
3Productivity
If room-temperature oxygen is used, then the nozzle structure is simple, but carbon conversion rate is lower and ignition is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the temperature parameter of the oxygen from room temperature to 500-1500°C. This parameter change enables direct ignition of the coal water slurry, improves carbon conversion rate, and enhances the overall efficiency of the gasification process without requiring excessive energy input
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hot oxygen nozzle significantly reduces fuel consumption, enhances carbon conversion rates, and improves operational safety and efficiency by enabling direct ignition and stable operation at lower gasifier temperatures, with a simpler structure for easier maintenance.
Implementation Method 1
a cooling system... Liquid coolants flow into the cooling chamber and then flow out through the coils
Implementation Method 2
High-speed oxygen jets can enhance the atomization of fuels such as CWS, further increasing the carbon conversion rate of fuels
Implementation Method 3
by regulating the flow rate and ratio of gasification agents and fuel gas, heats oxygen up to 1500° C. At this temperature, CWS and other carbonaceous fuels can be directly ignited
Data Source
AI summary
A hot oxygen nozzle and uses thereof in a gasifier, the hot oxygen nozzle comprising an outer-ring spout, a middle-ring spout, an inner-ring spout, and a central spout all sequentially and coaxially disposed, and a cooling system; the gasifier is an entrained-flow gasifier provided with one or more nozzles on a certain plane or a plurality of planes at the top or on the periphery of the gasifier body. The nozzle has a simple structure and is easy to make and maintain. A fuel gas passage is disposed inside the nozzle. Oxygen can be heated by a combustion of fuel gas; and high-temperature and high-speed oxygen can directly ignite carbonaceous materials such as coal-water slurry and coke-oven gas. The present invention can be applied in a gasifier and then in the final process of synthesis gas preparation.