Hot water boiler
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional combined hot water boilers experience reduced thermal efficiency and increased maintenance costs due to flow collision phenomena between cold and heated water, leading to inadequate heat exchange and potential thermal shock damage, which shortens the boiler's lifespan and compromises safety.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a supply passage connected to the lower portion of the inner chamber to discharge cold water smoothly, with a guide vane and extended discharge ports to prevent collision and ensure even heat distribution, and an intermediate cylinder to buffer water flow, reducing thermal load on the smoke tube joints.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If cold water is discharged near the top of the smoke tube for effective heat exchange, then heat exchange efficiency is improved, but flow collision occurs between cold and heated water reducing thermal efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional discharge location from the top of the smoke tube to the bottom. Cold water is discharged at the bottom of the inner chamber, allowing it to flow upward through the smoke tube without colliding with heated water that rises to the top. This inversion eliminates flow collision while maintaining effective heat exchange throughout the smoke tube length.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a vertical dimension to water flow by implementing upward flow through the smoke tube rather than horizontal or downward flow. The supply passage is positioned at the bottom and directs water upward through the smoke tube, creating a vertical flow pattern that prevents collision with heated water rising to the top, thereby resolving the flow collision problem while maintaining heat exchange efficiency.
2Device complexity
If cold water flows directly into the main body, then simple water supply is achieved, but inadequate heat exchange occurs due to flow collision and stagnation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the water supply path into distinct sections: the supply passage at the bottom, the inner chamber containing smoke tubes, and the outer chamber. This segmentation ensures that cold water flows through a dedicated path (inner chamber) separate from the heated water circulation, preventing flow collision and ensuring adequate heat exchange while maintaining relatively simple structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an inner chamber as an intermediary structure between the supply passage and the main water circulation system. The inner chamber contains the smoke tubes and serves as a dedicated heat exchange zone, mediating the interaction between cold supply water and combustion gases while preventing direct mixing with the main water circulation, thereby ensuring effective heat exchange.
3Temperature
If combustion gas directly heats water in the main body, then high temperature heat exchange is achieved, but thermal shock damage occurs to smoke tube joints
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the heat exchange process into two stages: primary heat exchange in the inner chamber through smoke tubes, and secondary heat exchange in the outer chamber. This segmentation allows the high-temperature combustion gas to first transfer heat through the smoke tube walls to the water in the inner chamber, then continues to the outer chamber, preventing direct thermal shock to joints while maintaining effective heat transfer.
Solution Approach 2:
The smoke tube walls act as an intermediary between the combustion gas and the water. The combustion gas transfers heat through the tube walls to the water, preventing direct contact between hot gas and water. This intermediary heat transfer mechanism reduces thermal shock to the tube joints while maintaining effective heat exchange.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances thermal efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the boiler's lifespan by preventing damage and ensuring stable operation, while improving heat exchange and water flow distribution.
Implementation Method 1
the heated water in the main body 2a of the smoke tube unit 2, particularly the water heated from the lower side, is transferred to the upper part by convection
Implementation Method 2
the combustion gas thus generated may be moved to the smoke tube unit 2 through a post-combustion chamber 3c of the connection unit 3. The combustion gas transferred to the smoke tube unit 2 heats cold water (circulation water) supplied into a main body 2a of the smoke tube unit 2 while moving upward along a plurality of smoke tubes 2b
Implementation Method 3
A burner 4 installed on the upper header 1a may generate a flame downward toward the combustion chamber 1c provided with the water tubes 1b, and the combustion gas thus generated
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4
AI summary
The present invention relates to a hot water boiler. According to one aspect of the present invention, provided is a hot water boiler comprising: a water tube unit, which includes a combustion chamber in which combustion gas is generated, at least one water tube provided in the combustion chamber, and an outlet supplying hot water to a place needing hot water, which flows through the water tubes and is heated by absorbing heat from the combustion gas; a smoke tube unit including a main body, at least one smoke tube provided in the main body and vertically extended so as to allow the combustion gas to pass therethrough, an inner chamber encompassing the smoke tubes, and a supply passage supplying cold water, which is supplied from the outside, to an inner space of the inner chamber, wherein the inner chamber is configured so as to allow water flowing into the inner space of the inner chamber to be heated by absorbing the heat from the smoke tubes, and then to move to an outer space of the inner chamber from the upper part of the inner chamber; and a connection unit including a connection chamber supplying, to the smoke tube unit, the combustion gas provided from the water tube unit, and at least one connection water tube supplying, to the water tube unit, the water provided from the smoke tube unit.