HRSG Drum Water Level Control via Characteristic Chart Model

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

The rapid water level rise in the boiler drum during start-up operations of a combined cycle power plant's HRSG system poses safety issues and efficiency challenges due to the abrupt evaporation of water when heated by gas turbine exhaust gases, requiring precise control to prevent equipment damage and minimize heat losses.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for controlling the boiler drum water level using a characteristic chart model based on drum geometry, vapor pressures, and metal temperatures, which involves measuring actual water levels, vapor pressures, and metal temperatures to determine an optimum water level and adjust it by adding or blowing down water, while also managing gas turbine load to prevent swelling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If water is added to maintain drum water level, then water level stability is improved, but heat loss increases due to cold water injection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater level stabilityVSAvoidheat loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system predicts future water level changes by analyzing current trends and operational parameters before the actual level deviation occurs. This allows proactive adjustment of water addition rates, ensuring stability while minimizing the need for corrective actions that would cause heat loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The control system continuously monitors water level, steam generation rate, and operational parameters, using this feedback to dynamically adjust the water addition rate. This closed-loop control ensures water level stability while optimizing the timing and amount of water addition to minimize heat loss from cold water injection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If water level is lowered in advance to prevent swelling, then equipment safety is improved, but steam generation efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveequipment safetyVSAvoidsteam generation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the water level setpoint based on real-time operational conditions, steam generation rate, and predicted load changes. This dynamic approach replaces static pre-lowering with adaptive control that maintains optimal water levels for both safety and efficiency under varying conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The control system changes operational parameters including water level setpoint, water addition rate, and steam generation targets based on predicted operational scenarios. This allows the system to prevent swelling through parameter optimization rather than conservative water level reduction, maintaining steam generation efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If complex control algorithms are implemented to optimize water level, then control precision is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater level control precisionVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses readily available operational data from existing sensors and plant instrumentation to perform predictions and control adjustments. By leveraging existing measurements and simple predictive relationships, the system achieves high control precision without requiring complex external measurement systems or elaborate control algorithms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for efficient and safe control of the boiler drum water level during start-up, minimizing heat losses and preventing equipment damage by determining the optimal water level and adjusting it accordingly, thus ensuring stable operation of the HRSG system.

Implementation Method 1

when the water in the HRSG system is heated with the high temperature gas turbine exhaust gases

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

evaporation starts suddenly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

the boiler drum provides a stable water supply to the HRSG system and accumulates heat energy for compensating for changes in the amount of steam generated or consumed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy storage: Thermal Energy Storage

Data Source

PatentEP2390565B1Heat Recovery Steam Generation System and Method for Controlling a Water Level of a Drum in a Heat Recovery Steam Generation System for a Combined Cycle Power Plant
Publication Date: 2016.04.27 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP2390565B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2390565B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2390565B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for controlling a water level of a drum (34) of a heat recovery steam generation system (12) for a combined cycle power plant (10) is provided. The method includes determining an optimum drum water level during start up operation of the heat recovery steam generation system (12) based on a characteristic chart model (100). The characteristic chart model (100) is generated based on a plurality of vapor pressures of the drum (34) and a plurality of temperatures of drum metal at the time of the start up operation of the heat recovery steam generation system (12).