Hydrothermal Carbonization Sludge Oxidation for Energy Self-Sufficiency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes for sludge treatment face inefficiencies in reaching reaction temperatures without external energy and result in wastewater with poor biodegradability and high organic content, posing challenges in handling and microbiological balance in wastewater treatment plants.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a step of wet oxidation of the particle-lean fraction from the HTC reaction to generate high-temperature steam, which is used to preheat the sludge, eliminating the need for external energy and improving biodegradability of the liquid stream.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If hydrothermal carbonization is performed without external energy input, then energy self-sufficiency is improved, but the reaction temperature cannot be reached

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy self-sufficiencyVSAvoidreaction temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The sludge is preheated using steam generated from oxidizing a portion of the sludge before the hydrothermal carbonization reaction. This preliminary heating action enables the main reaction to reach its required temperature without external energy input, resolving the contradiction between energy self-sufficiency and achieving reaction temperature.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses itself to provide the necessary energy for the reaction. A portion of the sludge is oxidized to generate steam, which then serves to heat the remaining sludge for hydrothermal carbonization. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external energy input while maintaining reaction temperature.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Loss of energy

If sludge with high water content is incinerated, then energy recovery is improved, but the net heating value becomes very low or negative

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy recoveryVSAvoidnet heating value
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of incinerating high-water-content sludge directly, the process changes the parameters by performing hydrothermal carbonization at elevated temperature and pressure. This transforms the sludge into HTC coal with higher energy density and improved handling properties, enabling effective energy recovery without the negative heating value problem of direct incineration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If the liquid phase from HTC is discharged without oxidation, then process simplicity is improved, but biodegradability remains poor and microbiological balance is disrupted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess simplicityVSAvoidbiodegradability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A specific portion of the sludge (particle-lean fraction) is extracted and subjected to oxidation to generate steam. This extracted portion serves the dual purpose of providing heating energy and improving the overall process, while the main liquid phase can be discharged with improved biodegradability without adding excessive complexity to the process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances energy efficiency by using internally generated heat for the HTC process, reducing external energy requirements and improving the biodegradability of the wastewater, thus facilitating more effective sludge treatment and minimizing environmental impact.

Implementation Method 1

subjecting said first fraction to a step of oxidation at an elevated temperature and pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 2

wet oxidation of the particle-lean fraction to obtain a heated particle-lean fraction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectExothermic reaction: Exothermic Reaction

Implementation Method 3

said first fraction, following said step of oxidation, is subjected to flash steam recovery, producing steam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlash evaporation: Flash Evaporation

Implementation Method 4

preheating an incoming sludge with at least one steam fraction, preferably by direct steam injection

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDirect steam injection heating: Heating

Implementation Method 5

further heating the preheated sludge with a high-temperature steam fraction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 6

hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the heated sludge to obtain a HTC-treated sludge

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrothermal carbonization:

Implementation Method 7

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical process used in the production of charred matter similar in composition to coal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal transformation: Thermolysis

Implementation Method 8

a second vapor-liquid separator arrangement for cooling the oxidized fraction from said second reactor and providing a high-temperature steam fraction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Data Source

PatentEP3954752A1Method for oxidation of a liquid phase in a hydrothermal carbonization process
Publication Date: 2022.02.16 C GREEN TECH AB
  • EP3954752A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3954752A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3954752A1 patent drawing

AI summary

There is provided a method for treatment of sludge including a step of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of an incoming sludge / slurry producing HTC coal and at least one particle-lean liquid stream, characterized in that - a first fraction of said slurry is withdrawn from said HTC step and subjected to a step of oxidation at an elevated temperature and pressure, - said first fraction is, following said step of oxidation, subjected to flash steam recovery, producing steam and a first particle-lean liquid stream - a second fraction of said slurry is withdrawn from said HTC step and subjected to flash steam recovery and subsequent dewatering, producing steam, a second particle-lean liquid stream, and HTC coal, and said steam is used to heat the incoming slurry.