HTS Dipole Magnet Assembly With Detachable Magnetizer Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing superconducting magnet systems face challenges such as the need for external power supplies, expensive current leads, long cables, complex quench detection and protection systems, and difficulties in protecting High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnets from quench propagation and overheating.
Innovation Solution
A superconducting magnet system operating in persistent current mode uses a detachable magnetizer for direct mechanical energy transfer, eliminating the need for current leads and power sources, with a magnetizer magnetically coupled to the coil to induce a persistent current in the superconducting coil, allowing operation at elevated temperatures up to liquid nitrogen temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If external power supplies and current leads are used to power superconducting magnets, then the magnets can generate high magnetic fields, but the system complexity and cost increase due to expensive current leads, long cables, and complex quench detection systems
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the external power supply, current leads, and quench detection systems from the superconducting magnet system. By using a persistent current mode where the superconducting coil is electrically isolated from external power sources, the design eliminates these complex and expensive components while maintaining magnetic field generation capability through pre-stored energy in the coil's magnetic field.
Solution Approach 2:
The superconducting magnet system serves itself by using the stored magnetic energy within the coil to maintain its own operation. The persistent current mode allows the coil to circulate current indefinitely without external power, and the system's own magnetic field energy provides the necessary power, eliminating the need for external power supplies and monitoring systems.
2Power
If High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials are used to generate higher magnetic fields, then the magnetic field strength increases, but the difficulty of protecting from quench propagation and overheating increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the vulnerable connection between external power sources and the HTS coil by operating in persistent current mode with electrical isolation. This eliminates the pathways through which quench propagation and overheating could be introduced from external systems, while the HTS material continues to generate high magnetic fields.
Solution Approach 2:
The system prepares for potential quench events by using the inherent thermal mass and cooling infrastructure of the cryogenic system to absorb and dissipate energy before quench propagation can occur. The persistent current mode allows time for protective measures to activate without the immediate threat of external power interruption.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the magnetizer is positioned close to the magnet gap to enhance magnetic coupling, then energy transfer efficiency increases, but the risk of mechanical damage and overheating increases
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetizer is positioned close to the magnet gap during the energization phase to maximize magnetic coupling and energy transfer efficiency. Once the persistent current is established in the superconducting coil, the magnetizer can be removed or repositioned, allowing the system to operate without the mechanical contact and associated risks while maintaining the generated magnetic field.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces operational costs, simplifies cryostat and cooling systems, and enhances magnet stability by eliminating the need for external power and quench detection systems, while achieving efficient energy transfer and maintaining a stable magnetic field.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetizer magnetically coupled with the coil(s) (e.g., in an iron-dominated magnet system) may pump energy in the superconducting coil(s)
Implementation Method 2
A 'superconducting magnet,' as used herein, refers to an electromagnet featuring a superconducting coil made of a material that conducts electrical current without loss of energy due to electrical resistance and, therefore, produces a high magnetic field
Data Source
AI summary
A superconducting magnet system having a dipole magnet, a superconducting short-circuited secondary coil(s), a magnetizer, and a magnetizing primary coil. The dipole magnet comprises a magnet core having along its diameter a core back leg and a magnet gap. The High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) secondary coil(s) enwrap the core back leg of the dipole magnet. The magnetizer, positioned in magnetic communication with the dipole magnet, creates a closed magnetic circuit about the magnet gap. The non-superconducting magnetizing primary coil enwraps the magnetizer substantially opposite the secondary coil(s) with respect to the magnet gap. The magnetizing primary coil generates a common magnetic flux with the superconducting short-circuited secondary coil(s), initially operating in a non-superconducting state. Cooling the secondary coil(s) to a superconducting state transitions operation to frozen flux mode. After depowering the magnetizing primary coil, moving the magnetizer away from the magnet gap leaves the dipole magnet in persistent current mode.