High-Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Sensor Flux Trapping Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-temperature superconducting magnetic sensors face challenges in maintaining high sensitivity due to magnetic flux trapping when cooled in geomagnetic fields, which affects detection efficiency and introduces noise, and existing designs struggle to balance sensitivity with the prevention of flux trapping.
Innovation Solution
A high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensor design featuring a pickup coil and input coil connected to the SQUID inductor in a closed loop, where at least one turn of the input coil surrounds or is surrounded by the SQUID inductor, enhancing coupling efficiency while minimizing capacitive components and flux trapping.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the sensor is cooled in a geomagnetic field environment, then the high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensor can operate at higher temperatures with easier cooling, but magnetic flux trapping occurs which reduces detection sensitivity and increases noise
Solution Approach 1:
The pickup coil is divided into multiple turns with different areas, creating a segmented structure where each turn contributes differently to the total magnetic flux coupling. This segmentation allows optimization of the flux transformation ratio while maintaining the ability to cool in geomagnetic fields without excessive flux trapping
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the geometric parameters of the pickup coil, specifically the ratio of areas between different turns (S1/S2), to optimize the flux transformation ratio. By adjusting this parameter, the system achieves high detection sensitivity while allowing operation in shieldless environments with geomagnetic field cooling
2Measurement precision
If magnetic shielding is used to prevent flux trapping, then detection sensitivity is maintained, but the device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the magnetic shielding function from the overall system design by using the pickup coil's geometric configuration itself to control flux coupling. Instead of adding separate shielding components, the optimized turn ratios and area ratios of the pickup coil turns provide the necessary flux management, eliminating the need for additional shielding structures
Solution Approach 2:
The pickup coil serves multiple functions: it acts as both the sensing element and the flux transformation mechanism. The optimized geometric parameters allow it to simultaneously achieve high coupling efficiency for weak magnetic field detection and provide inherent protection against flux trapping during cooling, replacing the need for separate shielding components
3Measurement precision
If the pickup coil area is increased to improve detection efficiency, then the coupling with weak magnetic fields improves, but the device size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The pickup coil is segmented into multiple turns with progressively different areas, allowing the system to capture magnetic flux over an effective range of areas without requiring a single large coil. The segmented structure with optimized area ratios provides high detection efficiency while maintaining a compact overall footprint
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of increasing detection efficiency solely by expanding the coil area in two dimensions, the invention utilizes the third dimension by creating a multi-turn structure with vertical stacking. This allows the pickup coil to achieve high effective area for weak field coupling while maintaining a compact planar footprint
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves improved detection efficiency by reducing magnetic flux trapping and maintaining high sensitivity even in shieldless environments, allowing for effective magnetic field measurement without significant noise introduction.
Implementation Method 1
a SQUID that includes two Josephson junctions (3a, 3b) and an inductor (4)
Implementation Method 2
the voltage V generated across the terminals varies periodically with flux quantum Φ0(=2.07×10−15 Wb) as a cycle by magnetic flux Φ interlinking the closed loop structure
Implementation Method 3
The pickup coil together with an input coil constitutes a magnetic flux transformer (closed loop structure) and uses the input coil with magnetically coupled with the SQUID
Implementation Method 4
high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensor having superconducting layers formed on a substrate, a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) being formed on the superconducting layers
Data Source
AI summary
A high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensor having superconducting layers formed on a substrate, a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) being formed on the superconducting layers, the high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensor includes: a pickup coil that is formed on the superconducting layer and is connected to an inductor of the SQUID; and an input coil that is formed on the superconducting layer, is connected to the inductor of the SQUID and the pickup coil to form a closed loop, and is magnetically coupled with the inductor of the SQUID. In planar view, at least one turn of the input coil surrounds the inductor of the SQUID, or is surrounded by the inductor of the SQUID. The width of the superconductor forming the inductor of the SQUID is 10 μm or less.