Bicycle Hub Freewheel Assembly with Preloaded Face Toothed Discs

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bicycle hubs with freewheel mechanisms are complex in design, offer limited stability, and require a large rotation angle for torque transmission, leading to inefficiencies and potential assembly errors.

Innovation Solution

A hub design featuring two toothed disc assemblies, one rotor-side and one hub-side, with preloading devices ensuring engagement and freewheel states, and a compact structure that includes a rotor bearing support on an inner radial wall, allowing for broad rotor support and simple assembly.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If pawl-type freewheel mechanisms with few pawls are used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the rotation angle required for torque transmission increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of pawlsVSAvoidrotation angle for torque transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The freewheel mechanism is segmented into multiple independent toothed discs (typically 3-4 discs) with teeth distributed around their circumferences. Each toothed disc can engage independently, allowing torque transmission to occur at multiple points around the rotation cycle, thereby reducing the rotation angle required between engagement events while maintaining simple individual component design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from a single-plane pawl engagement system to a multi-layered toothed disc system where engagement occurs across multiple axial layers. This dimensional arrangement allows simultaneous or sequential engagement at different radial positions, reducing the angular distance between engagement points without increasing the complexity of individual engagement elements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If multiple toothed disc assemblies are used, then torque transmission reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transmission reliabilityVSAvoidnumber of toothed disc assemblies
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple toothed disc assemblies are merged into a compact stacked arrangement where they occupy different axial positions but share the same radial space. The toothed discs are preloaded against each other via spring forces, creating a unified engagement system where failure of one disc does not compromise the entire mechanism, thus improving reliability while maintaining compact geometry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses preloading springs to maintain constant axial force between toothed disc assemblies, ensuring reliable tooth engagement across varying operational conditions. By adjusting the spring preload parameters, the system maintains optimal engagement force without requiring complex control mechanisms, balancing reliability with simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If the rotor bearing is supported on an inner radial wall, then manufacturing precision is improved, but the rotor side structure becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improve rotor support precisionVSAvoid rotor structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The inner radial wall of the rotor is designed with a pre-formed bearing support surface that inherently provides precise positioning and support for the rotor bearing. This preliminary structural feature eliminates the need for additional complex mounting mechanisms or adjustable components, achieving high manufacturing precision through the rotor's own geometry rather than adding external complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design achieves a lightweight, stable, and reliable hub with a compact structure that ensures efficient torque transmission with minimal pedaling effort and reduces assembly complexity.

Implementation Method 1

The toothed disc assemblies are preloaded into an engagement position by means of at least one preloading device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

The hub housing and the rotor are each rotatably mounted by at least two rolling bearings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRolling Friction: Roller

Implementation Method 3

The toothed disc assemblies each have face teeth for meshing with each other

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGear Meshing: Gear

Data Source

PatentEP4379228B1Hub, in particular for bicycles
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 DT SWISS AG
  • EP4379228B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP4379228B1 patent drawingFigure 5
  • EP4379228B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A hub (1) for bicycles (100) comprising a hub axle (5), a hub housing, a rotor (10) with a rotor body (11), and a freewheel assembly (9) with two toothed disc assemblies (20, 30), namely a hub-side toothed disc assembly (30) coupled to the hub housing and a rotor-side toothed disc assembly (20) interacting with it and coupled to the rotor body (11), in order to couple the rotor (10) to the hub housing (2) in a rotationally fixed manner in the drive direction and to decouple them from each other in a freewheel state (F). The toothed disc assemblies (20, 30) each have face teeth (22, 32) for meshing with each other and are preloaded into an engagement position (E) by means of a preloading device (24, 34). A pinion receptacle (10b) is formed on the outside of the rotor body (10). The rotor body (11) includes at the hub-side end (11a) an inner radial wall (18) for radial support of a hub-side rotor bearing (16).On an end face (10a) at the hub-side end (11a) of the rotor (10) a circumferential receptacle (15) accessible from the end face (10a) is formed radially between the inner radial wall (18) and an outer wall (19) of the rotor (10), in which the rotor-side toothed disc assembly (20, 30) is received in a rotationally fixed and axially movable manner in the drive direction.