HUD Optical Element Pitch for Uniform Laser Light Distribution

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical screens for laser projectors in head-up displays (HUDs) face issues with non-uniform light distribution and varying visual performance due to the positional change of the viewer, particularly in the front-rear direction, and inefficient use of the lens edges.

Innovation Solution

An optical element comprising a microlens array or diffraction grating with a pitch set based on the incident numerical aperture and wavelength of the laser light to ensure uniform distribution of diffracted lights, enhancing visual performance and coverage regardless of the viewer's position.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If the pitch of optical element units is set based on pupil diameter only, then the diffraction width is controlled, but the light quantity distribution becomes non-uniform and visual performance varies with viewer position

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepitch setting precisionVSAvoidvisual performance consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameters used for pitch setting from only pupil diameter to a combination of incident NA and wavelength. This parameter change ensures that the pitch is optimized for uniform light distribution and consistent visual performance across different viewer positions, resolving the contradiction between manufacturing precision and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the lens pitch is made larger than laser light diameter, then speckle noise is reduced, but the lens edges are not effectively utilized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeckle noiseVSAvoidlens utilization efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the lens pitch parameter to a specific value that balances speckle noise reduction with effective lens utilization. By setting the pitch to approximately the diameter of the laser light spot rather than significantly larger, the system achieves both speckle suppression and maximum use of the lens aperture, resolving the contradiction between reducing harmful factors and minimizing energy loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If the pitch of optical elements is set to control diffraction peak intervals, then the diffracted rays are confined to viewing range, but the light quantity distribution becomes non-uniform

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveviewing range controlVSAvoidlight quantity distribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the pitch parameter to a specific value derived from the incident NA and wavelength that simultaneously achieves uniform light distribution and proper diffraction control. This optimized pitch setting ensures that the diffracted light peaks are properly spaced while maintaining uniform intensity across the viewing range, resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and illumination uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a uniform light quantity distribution and improved visual performance by aligning the diffracted lights without gaps, ensuring the entire virtual image is visible from any viewpoint, and effectively utilizing the lens edges.

Implementation Method 1

an optical element which diffuses a laser light incident from a laser light source, comprises: a microlens array or a diffraction grating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

diffuses a laser light incident from a laser light source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP3109688B1Optical element and heads-up display
Publication Date: 2020.01.08 NIPPON SEIKI CO LTD
  • EP3109688B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3B
  • EP3109688B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~5B
  • EP3109688B1 patent drawingFigure 6A~6B

AI summary

The optical element is used as an optical screen, for example, and diffuses and outputs the laser light incident from the laser light source. The optical element includes the microlens array or the diffraction grating, and its pitches are set based on an incident numerical aperture of the laser light and a wavelength of the laser light such that distribution of the diffracted lights output from the optical element becomes uniform.