HUD Reflective Coating for P-Polarized Light and Low Dashboard Glare

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Solution Overview

Problem

Head-up display (HUD) systems face challenges in achieving optimized reflection of p-polarized light while minimizing dashboard reflection, which affects the clarity and sharpness of the image display, particularly at incident angles of 42 to 72 degrees.

Innovation Solution

A coated substrate with a p-polarized light reflective coating comprising multiple layers of high and low refractive index materials, along with an absorbent material, is applied to a transparent substrate, optimizing the reflection of p-polarized light while maintaining transparency and minimizing total reflection from the dashboard.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Illumination intensity

If a partial mirror is used to reflect projected light in HUD systems, then the reflectivity of p-polarized light is improved, but the total reflection from the dashboard increases which impacts viewing quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereflectivity of p-polarized lightVSAvoidtotal reflection from dashboard
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by designing a coating with spatially varying properties - specifically, the third coating (high refractive index) and fourth coating (low refractive index) have optimized thicknesses that create localized optical effects at different depths of the coating structure. This enables selective reflection of p-polarized light at the glazing interface while minimizing overall dashboard reflection, as each layer contributes differently to the optical response at its specific location within the coating stack.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs parameter changes by precisely controlling the thickness parameters of each coating layer (first coating: 1-100 nm, second coating: 1-220 nm, third coating: 40-150 nm, fourth coating: 40-200 nm) and the optical properties (refractive index n and extinction coefficient k) of the absorbent material. By optimizing these parameters, the coating achieves enhanced p-polarized light reflection while controlling total reflection, demonstrating how parameter adjustment resolves the technical contradiction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Illumination intensity

If the reflectivity of the partial mirror is increased to reflect more projected light, then the image brightness is improved, but the transparency for viewing through the glazing deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage brightnessVSAvoidviewing transparency
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite materials by combining multiple coating layers with different optical properties - high refractive index materials (first and third coatings), low refractive index materials (second and fourth coatings), and absorbent material - into a unified coating structure. This composite approach enables the system to simultaneously achieve high p-polarized light reflectivity for bright image display and maintain sufficient transparency for driver viewing, as each material component contributes its specific optical characteristics to the overall performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary approach by using the multi-layer coating structure as a mediator between the projected light and the driver's view. The coating acts as an intermediate optical element that selectively reflects p-polarized projected light while allowing sufficient transmission of other light components, thus mediating between the conflicting requirements of image brightness and viewing transparency without requiring extreme values on either end.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If a simple reflective coating is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to provide clear and sharp image display deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating structure complexityVSAvoidimage display clarity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the reflective coating into four distinct functional layers plus an absorbent material layer, where each segment (coating layer) has a specific role - the first and third coatings (high refractive index) provide reflective interfaces, the second and fourth coatings (low refractive index) provide optical path control, and the absorbent material layer manages unwanted reflections. This segmented structure achieves clear and sharp image display while keeping the overall device complexity manageable through modular layer design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances the polarization enhancement factor by up to 10% and increases absorption, ensuring a clear and sharp image display in HUD systems without compromising the transparency of the dashboard.

Implementation Method 1

a p-polarized light reflective coating which provide for optimized reflection of p-polarized light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

the reflectivity of the p-polarized light from the transparent nanometer film is not lower than 5%, and the incident angle of the p-polarized light ranges from 42 degrees to 72 degrees

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolarisation: Polarisation

Implementation Method 3

at least one first layer of absorbent material, said at least one first layer of absorbent material having a thickness of from 0.2 to 15 nm, and said absorbent material having an average refractive index n above 1 and an average extinction coefficient k above 0.1

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption (EM radiation): Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 4

a p-polarized light reflective coating comprising, in sequence starting from the substrate surface, a. optionally i. a first coating, composed of one or more high refractive index layers, the first coating having a thickness of from 1 to 100 nm, and ii. a second coating, composed of one or more low refractive index layers, the second coating having a thickness of from 1 to 220 nm

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Data Source

PatentUS20240248239A1Head up display system
Publication Date: 2024.07.25 AGC GLASS EUROPE SA

AI summary

A coated substrate, including a transparent substrate provided with a p-polarized light reflective coating. The p-polarized light reflective coating contains, in sequence starting from a substrate surface, optionally a first coating containing one or more layers of a high refractive index material, optionally a second coating containing one or more layers of a low refractive index material, a third coating containing one or more layers of a high refractive index material, a fourth coating containing one or more layers of a low refractive index material, and further including at least one first layer of absorbent material.