Humidifier Back-Flow Valve for Tilted Pressure Support Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional humidifiers in pressure support systems fail to effectively prevent back-flow of fluid into the pressure support device, particularly due to condensation and tilting, which can damage the device and lead to bacterial growth.

Innovation Solution

A humidifier design with a valve mechanism that moves between open and closed positions based on the system's orientation, preventing fluid back-flow by blocking the inlet when the pressure support device is tilted or not in use.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a patient circuit is provided between the humidification chamber and pressure support device to prevent back-flow, then device protection is improved, but system complexity and gas flow resistance increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice protectionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the back-flow prevention function from the patient circuit and relocates it to the inlet of the humidification chamber. By placing a valve directly at the chamber inlet, the system eliminates the need for a separate patient circuit segment dedicated to back-flow prevention, thereby reducing overall system complexity while maintaining device protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a valve as an intermediary component at the inlet of the humidification chamber. This valve acts as a mediator that selectively controls gas flow based on system orientation, preventing back-flow into the pressure support device without requiring complex circuit configurations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Stability of the object's composition

If the humidification chamber is rigidly coupled to the pressure support device, then connection stability is improved, but back-flow prevention capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection stabilityVSAvoidback-flow prevention
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a self-regulating valve mechanism that automatically responds to system orientation changes. The valve uses the system's own operational conditions (tilt angle, gas flow presence) to trigger closure, eliminating the need for external back-flow prevention measures while maintaining rigid coupling for stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Object-affected harmful factors

If a snorkel-type inlet configuration is used, then backsplash prevention is improved, but condensation and rainout back-flow prevention deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebacksplash preventionVSAvoidcondensation back-flow prevention
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the passive mechanical snorkel configuration with an active valve mechanism controlled by tilt sensors and flow sensors. This substitution enables the system to detect and respond to both backsplash conditions and condensation/rainout scenarios, providing comprehensive back-flow prevention that the snorkel design cannot achieve alone

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Reliability

If the valve remains closed to prevent back-flow, then device protection is improved, but gas flow to patient deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice protectionVSAvoidgas flow to patient
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic valve control system that continuously monitors system orientation and gas flow conditions. The valve transitions between open and closed states based on real-time sensor data, ensuring the breathing circuit remains open during normal operation for uninterrupted gas flow while closing only when back-flow risk is detected

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs feedback control through tilt sensors and flow sensors that continuously monitor system conditions and provide input to the valve control mechanism. This feedback loop ensures the valve closes only when necessary (during tilting or abnormal flow conditions) while remaining open during normal operation, balancing device protection with continuous patient gas delivery

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively prevents fluid back-flow into the pressure support device, reducing the risk of damage and bacterial growth, while ensuring continuous airflow for the patient.

Implementation Method 1

A humidifier with back-flow prevention valve... valve to prevent a back-flow of fluid from the humidifier into a pressure support device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Implementation Method 2

A valve is positioned in the inlet and upstream of the fluid chamber. The valve is movable between an open position in which the inlet is substantially unblocked and a closed position in which the inlet is substantially blocked

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity-dependent positioning: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP2117673B1Humidifier with back-flow prevention valve
Publication Date: 2019.04.10 RIC INVESTMENTS LLC
  • EP2117673B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2117673B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2117673B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A humidifier (1010, 1110) for use with a pressure support system. The humidifier (1010, 1110) includes a body having an inlet (1030, 1130), a fluid holding chamber (1014, 11 14), and an outlet. The inlet (1030, 1 130) is positioned upstream and in fluid communication with the fluid holding chamber (1014, 11 14). The outlet is positioned downstream of and in fluid communication with the fluid holding chamber (1014, 1114). A back-flow preventing valve (1015, 1115) is positioned upstream of the fluid chamber (1014, 1114). The back-flow preventing valve (1015, 1115) is movable between an open position, in which the inlet (1030, 1130) is unblocked, and a closed position in which the inlet (1030, 1130) is blocked. In the closed position, the back-flow preventing valve (1015, 1115) prevents fluid, fluid vapor, or both from entering the pressure support via the inlet (1030, 1130) to the humidifier (1010, 1110).