High Voltage Battery Module Direct Low Voltage Supply
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles require a sub-battery for low voltage operations and starting, which occupies additional space, has a short lifespan, and incurs replacement costs, complicating vehicle layout and increasing manufacturing costs.
Innovation Solution
A high voltage system where a single cell or module of the high voltage battery is connected directly to low voltage electric equipment through an NC relay, eliminating the need for a sub-battery by providing power at ignition-off and using the LDC for low voltage operations after ignition-on.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a sub-battery is used for low voltage operations and starting, then the vehicle can operate common electric equipment reliably, but additional space is required and layout becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the sub-battery and high voltage battery into a single integrated battery system. The battery is designed with a first battery assembly (high voltage) and a second battery assembly (low voltage) that are physically integrated and electrically connected through a DC-DC converter, eliminating the need for separate battery compartments and reducing overall space requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated battery system performs multiple functions: the first battery assembly provides high voltage power for motor operation, while the second battery assembly provides low voltage power for starting and common electric equipment. The DC-DC converter enables bidirectional power flow, allowing the high voltage battery to charge the low voltage battery and vice versa, making the system universally applicable for all power needs.
2Reliability
If a sub-battery is used for starting and low voltage operations, then the vehicle can control relay-on/off reliably, but the life span of the sub-battery is relatively short requiring frequent replacement
Solution Approach 1:
The DC-DC converter acts as an intermediary between the high voltage battery and low voltage battery, managing power flow and protecting the low voltage battery from excessive discharge. This mediator ensures that the low voltage battery is recharged when the high voltage battery has excess capacity, extending the operational life of the low voltage battery while maintaining reliable relay control.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes voltage parameters by using the DC-DC converter to step down high voltage to low voltage when needed, and to charge the low voltage battery from the high voltage battery. This parameter transformation allows the low voltage battery to operate within optimal voltage ranges, extending its lifespan while maintaining reliable control functions.
3Ease of operation
If a sub-battery is used in the high voltage system, then low voltage electric equipment can operate, but additional costs are incurred for battery replacement over time
Solution Approach 1:
By merging the sub-battery and high voltage battery into a single integrated system, the patent eliminates the need for separate battery purchases and replacements. The low voltage battery is charged from the high voltage battery through the DC-DC converter, reducing operational costs and simplifying the overall system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The DC-DC converter serves as a cost-effective intermediary that enables the high voltage battery to charge the low voltage battery, eliminating the need for external charging infrastructure for the sub-battery and reducing long-term operational and maintenance costs.
4Ease of operation
If a sub-battery is used for low voltage operations, then common electric equipment can be operated, but the vehicle weight increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the sub-battery and high voltage battery into a single integrated battery pack, reducing the total weight compared to having separate battery systems. The shared housing, cooling system, and control electronics of the integrated system reduce overall weight while maintaining full operational capability for both high voltage and low voltage equipment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces space and manufacturing costs, eliminates the need for frequent sub-battery replacements, improves vehicle layout, and enhances fuel efficiency by reducing weight and ensuring long-term low voltage power supply.
Implementation Method 1
one or more cells and/or modules of the high voltage battery is connected to low voltage electric equipment through an NC relay, so that power of the cell(s) and/or module(s) of the high voltage battery is supplied to the low voltage electric equipment
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a high voltage system of an electric vehicle. More particularly, it relates to a high voltage system of an electric system which makes it possible to remove a sub-battery conventionally required in such systems by allowing a high voltage battery to function as the sub-battery. The high voltage system includes a high voltage battery, in which a cell and/or a module of the high voltage battery is connected to low voltage electric equipment through an NC relay, such that power of the cell and/or the module of the high voltage battery is supplied to the low voltage electric equipment at ignition-off.