HVAC Hydronic Balancing Control Using Adaptive Valve and Pump Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing HVAC systems face challenges in achieving hydronic balancing in historic or existing buildings due to uncertainties in hydraulic resistances and heating requirements, leading to inefficient operation, excessive flow, and increased energy waste.

Innovation Solution

A control device that communicates with valves and adjusts pump flow to achieve hydronic balancing by determining and recording valve positions and temperature rise constants, iteratively lowering pump pressure to approach optimal valve positions, allowing for efficient heat distribution without prior knowledge of the distribution network.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conservative estimates of heating requirements are used, then comfort maintenance is ensured, but thermal losses of boilers increase unnecessarily

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomfort maintenanceVSAvoidthermal losses of boilers
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The control device continuously monitors actual temperature deviations and valve positions, using this feedback to dynamically adjust pump flow and optimize heating distribution, replacing conservative static estimates with adaptive real-time control that reduces energy waste while maintaining comfort

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs autonomous hydronic balancing by automatically determining hydraulic resistances and optimizing flow distribution without manual intervention, enabling the heating system to self-optimize its performance and eliminate unnecessary thermal losses

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Ease of operation

If hydronic balancing is not achieved, then system operation is simple, but parts of the building will be oversupplied or undersupplied with heat

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem operationVSAvoidheat supply adequacy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control device autonomously performs hydronic balancing by automatically measuring temperature deviations, calculating hydraulic resistances, and adjusting pump flow without manual intervention, achieving optimal heat distribution while maintaining simple operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts pump flow parameters based on measured temperature deviations and calculated hydraulic resistances, optimizing heat distribution across different building zones without requiring manual system reconfiguration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If excessive flow is present, then heating coverage is sufficient, but wear of mechanical parts increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating coverageVSAvoidwear of mechanical parts
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The control device optimizes pump flow parameters by calculating actual hydraulic resistances and adjusting flow rates to match real system conditions, ensuring adequate heating coverage while minimizing excessive flow that causes mechanical wear

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors temperature deviations and valve positions to feedback-adjust pump flow, maintaining optimal flow rates that provide sufficient heating coverage without causing excessive wear on mechanical components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Productivity

If prior knowledge of hydraulic resistance is required for hydronic balancing, then flow can be optimized, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow optimizationVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control device autonomously determines hydraulic resistances by measuring temperature deviations and calculating flow characteristics without requiring pre-programmed system data, enabling flow optimization while keeping the system simple to install and operate

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary measurements of temperature deviations and valve positions to calculate hydraulic resistances before optimizing pump flow, automatically gathering necessary system characteristics without requiring manual input or complex pre-configuration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables efficient hydronic balancing, reducing thermal losses, wear on mechanical parts, and energy waste, while ensuring reliable and cost-effective operation, even in complex building configurations.

Implementation Method 1

a pump operable to generate a pressure resulting in a fluid flowing through said heat exchangers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure generation: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 2

each of the valves is operable to modulate flow through its heat exchanger between an open position giving flow of a fluid through the heat exchanger and a closed position giving no flow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow modulation: Valve

Implementation Method 3

at least two heat exchangers connected to a pump

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP3115703B1Control of heating, ventilation, air conditioning
Publication Date: 2020.03.18 SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG
  • EP3115703B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3115703B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3115703B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Control of heating, ventilation, air conditioning. A method for control of a HVAC installation, with at least two heat exchangers (10, 11, 12), and with a pump (2), wherein the heat exchangers (10, 11, 12) each comprise an adjustable, electromechanical valve (7, 8, 9), wherein the valves (7, 8, 9) and the pump (2) exchange data with a control unit (15), the method comprising the steps of setting the valves (7, 8, 9) to positions different from fully closed, the valves (7, 8, 9) taking a first temperature measurement and after the first temperature measurement taking a second temperature measurement, determining for each of the valves (7, 8, 9) a temperature rise quantity as a function of the first temperature measurement and of the second temperature measurement, determining a limit position for each valve (7, 8, 9) as a function of its temperature rise quantity.