HVDC Disconnector With Multi-Chamber Arc Extinction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices for interrupting high voltage direct current circuits fail to effectively extinguish electric arcs and transfer current to zero, especially at high voltage levels, often requiring auxiliary elements or electronic control devices.
Innovation Solution
A mechanical connection and disconnection device utilizing a multi-terminal, multi-impedance, and multi-breaking chamber structure that progressively diffuses energy through impedances and breaking chambers, ensuring final extinction of current without electronic control, using a movable armature to sequentially connect and disconnect terminals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a simple mechanical connection and disconnection device is used, then device complexity is reduced and cost is lowered, but the ability to effectively extinguish electric arcs and transfer current to zero at high voltage levels deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The device is segmented into multiple breaking chambers (first breaking chamber, second breaking chamber) with multiple intermediate terminals between the main terminals. This segmentation allows the current to be progressively reduced through multiple stages, with each breaking chamber handling a portion of the arc extinction task, thereby achieving effective high voltage arc extinction without requiring complex electronic control systems.
2Reliability
If a multi-terminal, multi-impedance, and multi-breaking chamber structure is used, then the ability to extinguish arcs and transfer current to zero is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs passive impedance elements connected to intermediate terminals that automatically limit and reduce current without requiring active electronic control. The impedance elements and breaking chambers work together in a self-regulating manner, where the physical structure and material properties of the components themselves provide the current limiting and arc extinction functions, eliminating the need for complex electronic control systems.
3Reliability
If auxiliary elements or electronic control devices are used, then current interruption capability is improved, but the simplicity and economy of the device deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The device replaces electronic control systems and auxiliary active elements with a purely mechanical and passive electrical structure. The current interruption function is achieved through the mechanical movement of contacts that sequentially open multiple breaking chambers, combined with passive impedance elements and arc quenching chambers, eliminating the need for electronic controllers, sensors, or active auxiliary devices.
4Device complexity
If a single breaking chamber is used, then device complexity is reduced, but the ability to handle high voltage direct current interruption deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The single breaking chamber is divided into multiple breaking chambers (first breaking chamber, second breaking chamber) separated by intermediate terminals. Each breaking chamber is designed to handle a portion of the total voltage and current interruption task. The sequential operation of multiple breaking chambers allows the device to effectively handle high voltage direct current interruption by distributing the stress and energy dissipation across multiple smaller chambers.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively interrupts high voltage direct current circuits by progressively reducing current value and extinguishing arcs, ensuring safe and reliable separation of moving contacts, without the need for auxiliary elements or electronic control.
Implementation Method 1
a first impedance of value Z1... a second impedance of value Z2... progressively reducing current value
Implementation Method 2
arc chutes to increase an arc voltage drop and thus push currents to zero, once the arc voltage exceeds the voltage of such a circuit breaker
Data Source
Figure 1A~1D
Figure 2A~2D
Figure 3A~4
AI summary
Examples of embodiments include a high-voltage circuit connection and disconnection device comprising a first main terminal and a second main terminal, a first intermediate terminal connected to the first main terminal by a first impedance, a first arc-stopping chamber disposed between the first intermediate terminal and the first main terminal, a second intermediate terminal connected to the first intermediate terminal by a second impedance, the first intermediate terminal being connected in series between the first main terminal and the second intermediate terminal, a second arc-stopping chamber disposed between the first intermediate terminal and the second intermediate terminal, and a movable armature allowing connection, in the disconnection direction, firstly to the second main terminal and then, successively, to the first main terminal and the first intermediate terminal.and the second intermediate marker.