Hybrid Adhesive for Engineered Wood Using Silane Nanoparticles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing adhesives used in wood-based materials production, such as polycondensation and polyaddition adhesives, have disadvantages like carcinogenic formaldehyde residues, limited availability, and incompatibilities at interfaces, leading to poor technological properties in engineered wood boards.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid adhesive system combining polycondensation and polyaddition adhesives with modified nanoparticles, featuring silane compounds that facilitate chemical coupling between different adhesive systems, enhancing handleability, adhesive force, and compatibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If polycondensation adhesives (formaldehyde resins) are used in wood particle boards and fiber boards, then the adhesive is highly available, low cost, and easy to manufacture, but formaldehyde residues are carcinogenic and the resin has low water stability
Solution Approach 1:
Silane-modified nanoparticles serve as intermediary substances that bridge polycondensation and polyaddition adhesive systems. These particles are modified with compounds containing both isocyanate groups (reacting with polyols in polycondensation adhesives) and other functional groups (reacting with amines in polyurethane adhesives), enabling compatibility between the two adhesive types and allowing the hybrid system to achieve both low cost and low formaldehyde emission
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite adhesive system combining polycondensation adhesive (urea-formaldehyde resin) and polyaddition adhesive (polyurethane) in a hybrid formulation. This composite approach allows the adhesive to benefit from the cost-effectiveness and bonding strength of polycondensation adhesives while the polyaddition component reduces formaldehyde emission and improves water stability, with silane-modified nanoparticles enhancing the interfacial compatibility between the two adhesive types
2Strength
If polyaddition adhesives (polyurethane) are used in OSB boards, then complete chemical reaction occurs with high adhesive force, but availability is limited and price is high
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges polycondensation adhesive (urea-formaldehyde resin, which is highly available and low cost) with polyaddition adhesive (polyurethane, which provides high adhesive force) into a hybrid adhesive system. The silane-modified nanoparticles facilitate the chemical coupling between these two adhesive types, enabling the hybrid system to achieve adhesive forces comparable to pure polyurethane while maintaining the cost advantages and availability of polycondensation adhesives
3Adaptability or versatility
If hybrid adhesives combining polycondensation and polyaddition adhesives are used, then advantages of both systems can be combined, but incompatibilities occur at interfaces leading to poor technological properties
Solution Approach 1:
Silane-modified nanoparticles act as intermediary substances that resolve the incompatibility between polycondensation and polyaddition adhesive systems. The particles are chemically modified with compounds containing isocyanate groups that react with polyols in polycondensation adhesives, and other functional groups that react with amines in polyurethane adhesives, creating a bridging effect that ensures compatibility and prevents interfacial failures
Solution Approach 2:
The invention modifies the chemical parameters of the nanoparticle surfaces through silane compound treatment. By introducing specific functional groups (isocyanate, hydroxy, epoxy, amino groups) onto the nanoparticle surfaces, the chemical reactivity and compatibility parameters are adjusted to enable effective coupling between the two different adhesive systems, thereby improving the reliability of the hybrid adhesive
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hybrid adhesive achieves excellent handleability and adhesive force, meets energy-efficient production, ecological, and compatibility requirements, improving the technological values of wood-based materials like OSB boards by reducing swelling and enhancing strength.
Implementation Method 1
the at least one particle is modified with at least one compound of the general Formula (I) RaSiX(4-a) (I), or the general Formula (II) ObXc(OH)dReSiO(4-b-c-d-e)/2 (II) wherein X is H, OH or a hydrolyzable radical
Implementation Method 2
the at least one particle is modified with at least one compound... which can be interrupted by —O— or —NH—, and wherein R includes at least one functional group Q which is selected from a group including an epoxy, hydroxy, ether, amino...
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a hybrid adhesive, in particular for use in the production of engineered wood such as particle boards, fiber boards, plywood or glued-laminated timber, comprising at least one polycondensation adhesive, at least one polyaddition adhesive, and at least one particular, in particular a nanoparticle smaller than 500 nm, wherein the at least one particle is modified with at least one compound of the general Formula (I) RaSiX(4-a), or the general Formula (II) ObXc(OH)dReSiO(4-b-c-d-e)/2. The present invention also relates to the use of the adhesive in engineered wood boards and to methods for the production thereof.