Hybrid Battery Charge Control via Segmented SoC Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hybrid vehicle batteries face reduced service life due to extreme state of charge levels, necessitating a controlled state of charge management to optimize energy storage and usage.
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling the state of charge of an electrical energy store in hybrid vehicles by dividing the working state of charge range into four sub-areas, where the electric machine operates as a generator, passive unit, motor, or motor with specific power supply roles, maintaining a charge between 30% and 80% to prevent excessive discharge or charging, with continuous or discontinuous transition functions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the battery is charged to high state of charge levels (above 80%) or discharged to low state of charge levels (below 30%), then the energy storage capacity is maximized, but the service life of the battery is greatly reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The state of charge range is segmented into four distinct sub-areas (SoC low, Lower Optimum SoC, SoC upper optimum, SoC high) with different control strategies. The working range is further segmented into charged, neutral, and discharged zones, allowing optimized control for each segment to balance capacity utilization and battery longevity.
Solution Approach 2:
The control strategy dynamically changes operating parameters (electric machine mode: generator/passive/motor) based on the state of charge level. By adjusting the state of charge boundaries and transition points, the system optimizes both energy capacity utilization and battery service life.
2Quantity of substance
If the electric machine operates continuously as a generator to charge the battery, then the state of charge is maintained high, but the internal combustion engine experiences increased load and reduced efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the electric machine's operating mode based on real-time state of charge levels. The control strategy transitions between generator mode (charging), passive mode (energy recovery), and motor mode (power assistance) to optimize both battery charging and engine efficiency at different operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The control strategy changes key parameters including the state of charge boundaries, electric machine power output, and engine load points. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system achieves optimal balance between charging requirements and engine efficiency across different driving conditions.
3Power
If the electric machine operates continuously as a motor to support vehicle drive, then the battery is continuously discharged, but the battery service life is reduced due to deep discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between motor mode (power assistance) and passive mode (energy recovery) based on state of charge levels. This dynamic control ensures the battery is not continuously discharged, preventing deep discharge damage while maintaining vehicle propulsion capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The control strategy adjusts the state of charge boundaries and electric machine power output parameters to prevent excessive discharge. By changing these parameters dynamically, the system protects battery service life while ensuring adequate propulsion power is available.
4Reliability
If the working state of charge range is restricted to 30%-80%, then the battery service life is extended, but the available energy storage capacity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The restricted working range (30%-80%) is segmented into four sub-areas with different control strategies. This segmentation allows the system to fully utilize the available capacity within the safe range while protecting the battery from extreme charge levels, effectively balancing service life extension with energy availability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach extends the service life of the energy store by efficiently managing energy storage and usage, optimizing energy recovery and consumption, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the vehicle's electrical system.
Implementation Method 1
the battery is charged by the electrical machine of the hybrid vehicle. The electrical machine therefore works as a generator
Implementation Method 2
The battery is discharged in a fourth sub-range (SoC high) of the working state of charge range. In this sub-area, the electrical machine of the hybrid vehicle works as an electric motor
Implementation Method 3
the state of charge of an electrical energy store, in particular a battery, of a hybrid vehicle
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for controlling the state of charge of an electrical energy store, in particular a battery, of a hybrid vehicle, which has an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, wherein the battery is operated in a working state-of-charge range that lies completely within the theoretically possible state-of-charge range of the battery, wherein in a first sub-range of the working state-of-charge range, the battery is charged by the electric machine, wherein the electric machine operates as a generator and is driven by the internal combustion engine, in a second sub-range of the working state-of-charge range, the battery is neither charged nor discharged, wherein the electric machine operates as a generator and is driven by the internal combustion engine and supplies only a vehicle electrical system of the hybrid vehicle with current, in a third sub-range of the working state-of-charge range, the battery is discharged and supplies the vehicle electrical system with current, wherein the electric machine moves along passively, and in a fourth sub-range of the working state-of-charge range, the battery is discharged and supplies the electric machine, which operates as a motor, with current.