Hybrid Vehicle Battery Control for Abnormality Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hybrid vehicles face challenges in maintaining safe operation when abnormalities occur in the travel-purpose power storage mechanisms, such as batteries, which can lead to overheating and critical failures, and existing systems do not effectively implement limp home mode and system shutoff to prevent these issues.

Innovation Solution

A control apparatus and method that disconnects the abnormal power storage mechanism from electrical loads, switches to internal combustion engine power, and maximizes cooling to prevent further damage, while inhibiting travel if a serious abnormality is detected, ensuring safe shutdown.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the hybrid vehicle continues to operate with the abnormal power storage mechanism connected, then the vehicle can maintain electrical power supply, but the abnormality may worsen and cause critical failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower storage mechanism safetyVSAvoidvehicle travel capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The control apparatus electrically disconnects the abnormal power storage mechanism from the electrical load by opening the switch apparatus, extracting the problematic component from the operational system. This allows the vehicle to continue traveling using the internal combustion engine while isolating the abnormal battery from causing further damage or critical failure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If the power storage mechanism is electrically disconnected when abnormality occurs, then critical failure is prevented, but the vehicle loses electrical power supply capability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower storage mechanism safetyVSAvoidelectrical power supply
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The control apparatus acts as an intermediary by detecting abnormalities and automatically managing the electrical disconnection and reconnection processes. It monitors the power storage mechanism, determines when to disconnect based on abnormality detection, and controls the switch apparatus to maintain vehicle operability while protecting against critical failure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Duration of action of moving object

If the vehicle switches to internal combustion engine only mode, then travel time can be extended, but fuel consumption increases and emission rises

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetravel timeVSAvoidemission
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The control apparatus dynamically adjusts the vehicle's powertrain configuration based on the abnormality state. When a power storage mechanism abnormality is detected, it transitions the vehicle to engine-only mode by disconnecting the electrical motor, allowing continued travel while adapting to the degraded system state. This dynamic reconfiguration extends travel capability despite the increased emission from engine-only operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables reliable limp home mode and system shutoff in hybrid vehicles, preventing critical failures and extending travel time using the internal combustion engine, while effectively managing battery temperature to prevent overheating.

Implementation Method 1

a cooling fan generating a cooling air for cooling the electrical devices is provided

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced Convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 2

The secondary battery is discharged and charged through a chemical reaction. The chemical reaction is accompanied by heat generation, and therefore, the secondary battery has to be cooled.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reaction heat generation: Exothermic Reaction

Implementation Method 3

In the inverter and the DC/DC converter as well, heat is generated from power elements. Therefore, the inverter and the DC/DC converter also have to be cooled.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heat generation: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP2130734B1Controller and control method of hybrid vehicle
Publication Date: 2016.11.09 TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK
  • EP2130734B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2130734B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2130734B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

When an abnormality except for a temperature abnormality of a travel-purpose battery 220 is detected (YES in S1100), a battery ECU 260 of the present invention renders a system main relay 640 OFF to make a change to a battery-less travel mode while using a battery cooling fan 220D to cool the travel-purpose battery 220 (S1200-S 1400). When a temperature abnormality of the travel-purpose battery 220 is still detected (YES in S1600), a system-off command signal is output (S 1700) to cause the hybrid vehicle to become unable to travel. In this way, limp home mode and system shutoff of the hybrid vehicle can be surely implemented even in the case where an abnormality occurs to the travel-purpose battery 220.