Hybrid Vehicle Battery-Less Travel Control Apparatus

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Hybrid vehicles experience instability in motor voltage during battery-less travel control due to poor control precision of inverter output voltage, especially when shifting from PWM to rectangular control at high vehicle speeds, leading to potential power balance collapse and instability.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a control apparatus that switches between pulse width modulation and rectangular control based on vehicle speed, with a vehicle speed limitation during battery-less travel control to prevent instability by maintaining PWM control below a threshold speed and adjusting torque limits, and modifying these limits based on transmission gear settings.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If rectangular control is used to increase motor output at high vehicle speeds, then motor torque is improved, but control precision deteriorates leading to voltage instability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemotor torqueVSAvoidcontrol precision
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The control apparatus dynamically switches between PWM control and rectangular control based on vehicle speed conditions. During normal operation at high speeds, rectangular control is used to maximize motor output. However, during battery-less travel control, the system dynamically adjusts to use only PWM control to maintain stability when the battery cannot provide buffering capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the control parameter (control method) based on the operating condition (battery status and vehicle speed). By detecting battery abnormalities and switching control modes, the system adapts the inverter control parameter from rectangular control to PWM control during battery-less travel, ensuring stable voltage output while maintaining acceptable motor performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the battery is disconnected during abnormality, then system reliability is improved by isolating the fault, but power balance stability deteriorates due to loss of buffering capability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem reliabilityVSAvoidpower balance stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The control apparatus continuously monitors battery status and detects abnormalities through feedback mechanisms. When a battery abnormality is detected, the system switches to battery-less travel control mode, adjusting the operation of the motor and generator accordingly. This feedback-based control ensures that the system maintains stable power balance by preventing conditions that would lead to voltage instability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The control apparatus takes preliminary action by switching to a restricted control mode (PWM only) before voltage instability can occur. By proactively limiting the vehicle speed and preventing rectangular control execution during battery-less travel, the system preemptively maintains power balance stability rather than reacting after instability begins.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If vehicle speed increases during battery-less travel control, then productivity is improved, but voltage stability deteriorates due to shift to rectangular control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevehicle speedVSAvoidvoltage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the relationship between vehicle speed and control method during battery-less travel control. Unlike normal operation where high speed enables rectangular control, during battery-less travel the system maintains PWM control across all speeds, effectively creating a dynamic constraint that prioritizes voltage stability over maximum speed capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach stabilizes the motor voltage during battery-less travel control by maintaining accurate power balance and preventing shifts to rectangular control, ensuring continuous and stable vehicle operation.

Implementation Method 1

a generator that generates electric power using the power of the engine

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a motor that causes the output shaft to rotate using electric power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2776262B1Vehicle and vehicle control method
Publication Date: 2016.03.23 TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK
  • EP2776262B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2776262B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2776262B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In a hybrid vehicle including an engine, a motor, a generator, and a battery that is electrically connected to the motor and the generator, an ECU performs "battery-less travel control" enabling the vehicle to travel when a fault occurs in the battery by disconnecting the battery from an electrical system including the motor and the generator and driving the motor using power that is generated by the generator using the power of the engine. When the battery-less travel control is underway (YES in S20) and a vehicle speed V exceeds a vehicle speed limit Vsh (YES in S21), the ECU implements a vehicle speed limitation (S22). As a result, a control mode of the motor is less likely to shift to a rectangular control mode during the battery-less travel control.