Hybrid Battery System for Electric Vehicles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems for electric vehicles face challenges with lead storage batteries having low output per unit, large volume, and declining voltage over time, while lithium batteries are expensive and prone to ignition and explosion, limiting their effectiveness and safety for long-term use.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid battery system combining lithium and lead storage battery modules with a control circuit that monitors temperature and voltage to selectively discharge each module, preventing degradation and reducing manufacturing costs by using affordable lead storage batteries for stable, short-distance travel and high-power requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If lithium batteries are used for high power and high density, then power output and energy density are improved, but manufacturing cost and safety risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines lithium battery modules and lead storage battery modules into a hybrid battery system. The lithium battery module provides high power output when needed, while the lead storage battery module handles steady-state operation, reducing the overall lithium battery capacity required and thus lowering manufacturing costs while maintaining high power capability.
2Power
If lithium batteries are used for high power and high density, then power output and energy density are improved, but safety risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid battery system merges lithium battery modules with lead storage battery modules. The lead storage battery module serves as a safety buffer that can absorb excess energy and prevent thermal runaway in lithium batteries, thereby reducing ignition and explosion risks while preserving the high power output capability of the lithium batteries.
Solution Approach 2:
The lead storage battery module acts as an intermediary between the lithium battery module and the external load. It mediates energy flow, preventing direct stress on lithium batteries during high-power demands and reducing the risk of thermal runaway, thus lowering safety hazards while maintaining system power output.
3Ease of manufacture
If lead storage batteries are used for cost efficiency and stability, then manufacturing cost and safety are improved, but power output and energy density decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges lead storage battery modules with lithium battery modules in a hybrid configuration. The lead storage battery module handles steady-state, low-power operations where cost efficiency is important, while the lithium battery module supplements power output during high-demand periods, thus achieving both cost reduction and maintained power capability.
4Reliability
If lead storage batteries are used for long term stability, then reliability is improved, but output voltage declines over time
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid battery system combines lead storage battery modules with lithium battery modules. The lithium battery module compensates for the declining output voltage of the lead storage battery module over time, ensuring stable voltage output and maintaining reliability throughout the battery system's operational life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hybrid system extends vehicle range to approximately 100 km on a single charge, reduces manufacturing costs, and simplifies installation by stabilizing lithium battery performance and eliminating the need for additional cooling systems, ensuring passenger safety.
Implementation Method 1
a control circuit connected to the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit, the control circuit configured to measure a state of charge of each of the lithium battery module and the lead storage battery module by using the temperature and the voltage measured in the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit
Data Source
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AI summary
A hybrid battery system for an electric vehicle includes a lithium battery module including a plurality of lithium battery cells, a lead storage battery module including a plurality of lead storage battery cells, a first sensing unit including a sensor for measuring a temperature and a voltage of the lithium battery module, a second sensing unit including a sensor for measuring a temperature and a voltage of the lead storage battery module, a control circuit connected to the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit, the control circuit configured to measure a state of charge of each of the lithium battery module and the lead storage battery module by using the temperature and the voltage measured in the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit and to generate a control signal by comparing the temperature of the lithium battery module with a reference temperature and comparing the voltage of the lead storage battery module with a reference voltage, and a charging/discharging circuit connected to the lithium battery module and the lead storage battery module, the charging/discharging circuit including a switch for selectively discharging the lithium battery module or the lead storage battery module in response to the control signal.