Biochemical-Immunological Hybrid Biosensor for Simultaneous Biomarker Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional immunosensors for point-of-care testing are inadequate for simultaneously measuring heterogeneous biochemical and protein biomarkers, leading to prolonged analysis times, reduced diagnostic reliability, and increased patient discomfort due to the need for separate assay systems and frequent blood sampling.
Innovation Solution
A biochemical-immunological hybrid biosensor that integrates a porous membrane reaction strip with capillary action, allowing simultaneous independent measurement of protein and biochemical markers through antigen-antibody reactions and enzyme-substrate reactions, respectively, and a smart device system to capture and convert color signals into digital data for rapid diagnosis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate assay systems are used for biochemical and protein biomarkers, then measurement precision for each marker is maintained, but analysis time increases and diagnostic reliability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines separate biochemical and immunological assay systems into a single integrated biosensor strip. The reaction strip includes both biochemical reaction zones with enzymes and immunoreaction zones with antibodies, allowing simultaneous detection of multiple biomarker types from a single sample load, thereby reducing analysis time while maintaining detection accuracy for each marker type
Solution Approach 2:
The biosensor strip is designed as a universal platform that can detect both biochemical markers (through enzyme-substrate reactions) and protein markers (through antigen-antibody reactions) using the same sample and reading system. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate assay systems and enables comprehensive disease diagnosis in a single test
2Reliability
If frequent blood sampling is performed for multiple biomarkers, then comprehensive disease diagnosis is achieved, but patient discomfort increases and sample availability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple biomarker detection capabilities into a single biosensor strip that can analyze both biochemical and protein markers simultaneously from one blood sample. This eliminates the need for frequent sampling while maintaining comprehensive diagnostic coverage, thereby reducing patient discomfort and preserving limited sample volumes for accurate diagnosis
3Measurement precision
If conventional immunosensors are used for protein markers, then high sensitivity is achieved, but biochemical marker measurement capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor strip is designed as a universal platform that maintains the high sensitivity of conventional immunosensors for protein markers through immunoreaction zones while adding biochemical reaction zones capable of detecting biochemical markers. This multi-functional design enables the same device to measure both protein and biochemical markers with appropriate sensitivity and specificity
Solution Approach 2:
The reaction strip uses composite functional zones combining different detection mechanisms: immunoreaction zones with antibodies for protein markers and biochemical reaction zones with enzymes for biochemical markers. This composite structure allows simultaneous detection of heterogeneous biomarker types using the same sample and reading system
4Productivity
If multiple biomarkers are measured simultaneously in a single sample, then diagnostic efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor strip is segmented into distinct functional zones: sample application pad, conjugate pad, multiple immunoreaction zones for different protein markers, biochemical reaction zones for biochemical markers, and absorption pad. Each zone is spatially separated to prevent interference between different detection mechanisms while maintaining integrated sample flow and simultaneous analysis capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and rapid simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers from a single sample, reducing patient discomfort and enabling on-site, economical diagnosis of diseases like sepsis, while allowing for efficient use of limited samples and simultaneous analysis of multiple patients.
Implementation Method 1
a reaction strip in the form of a porous membrane through which a sample moves by capillary action
Implementation Method 2
one or more immunoreaction zones, formed on the sample transfer pad, including capture antibodies specifically binding to the protein markers
Implementation Method 3
at least one enzyme producing a product, reacting with the chromogenic substrate, from a biochemical marker in the sample which is received from at least one of the sample transfer pad, the sample addition pad, and the conjugate pad, and where a biochemical reaction occurs independently from the reactions in the immunoreaction zones
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a biochemical-immunological hybrid biosensor. The biochemical-immunological hybrid biosensor includes a reaction strip in the form of a porous membrane through which a sample moves by capillary action. The reaction strip can simultaneously measure heterogeneous multiple biomarkers through both a biochemical analysis and an immunoassay in an independent manner based on membrane chromatography to diagnose a particular disease.