Hybrid Bus Fuel Cell-Battery Energy Control for Stable Load Response
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing energy management systems for hybrid buses using hydrogen fuel cells and power batteries face challenges in efficiently controlling energy output to balance load demands and prolong the service life of both components, as the fuel cell's power response is slow and requires coordination with other energy storage mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
An energy control method that collects motor power data, adjusts the SOC range, determines vehicle parking conditions, locks a variable-load frequency standard, assesses battery state, and implements forced startup during low SOC to optimize energy distribution and ensure stable battery operation, thereby reducing hydrogen consumption and extending the service life of both the fuel cell and battery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If the fuel cell cooperates with a power battery to balance load demand, then the stable output and supply of energy is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the fuel cell system and power battery system into a unified hybrid power system, where the fuel cell stack, power battery pack, and their respective control units (FCU, BMS, VCU) work together as an integrated energy management system. This merging allows the system to leverage the high energy density of the fuel cell and the rapid response capability of the power battery, achieving stable energy output while managing the complexity through coordinated control strategies.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy, then the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, but the power response time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The power battery acts as an intermediary component between the fuel cell and the load. When rapid power response is needed, the power battery can quickly discharge to meet the demand, while the fuel cell operates at a stable, efficient point. The control system coordinates the power distribution between these two sources, allowing the high-efficiency fuel cell to maintain optimal operating conditions while the power battery compensates for response time delays.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If the energy control strategy is optimized to prolong service life, then the service life of fuel cell and battery is improved, but the energy supply efficiency may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The energy control strategy dynamically adjusts the operating points of the fuel cell and power battery based on real-time system conditions, including SOC levels, power demand, and component health status. The control unit continuously optimizes the power distribution to keep the fuel cell operating within its most efficient and least stressful range, while managing power battery charge/discharge cycles to minimize degradation. This dynamic optimization balances service life extension with maintaining high energy supply efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables real-time optimization of energy control strategies, maintains a healthy SOC range for the battery, reduces power output fluctuations, and prolongs the service life of the battery while minimizing hydrogen consumption, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the hybrid bus system.
Implementation Method 1
uses catalyzed chemical reactions to reduce the energy barrier of the oxygen reduction reaction to generate electrons
Implementation Method 2
the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell has a time window
Implementation Method 3
the hydrogen fuel cell cooperates with a power battery to balance the load demand
Data Source
AI summary
An energy control method for a hybrid bus using a hydrogen fuel cell and a power battery are disclosed. The method includes the following steps: collecting motor power data; selecting an SOC value from a certain range around an average motor power value, and performing interpolation assignment on a pile power range; adding vehicle parking determination; locking a pile variable-load frequency standard, and assessing whether requirements are satisfied; determining SOH state of the battery; and adding an operation of forced pile startup during low SOC. Based on a pile system control unit, BMS and a vehicle control unit (VCU) system, the present invention can designate and optimize an energy control strategy by means of real-time data, and determine the power state of the vehicle through VCU, and add an operation of low-power power supply by the pile during parking and an operation of forced pile startup during low SOC.