Hybrid Capacitor Intermolecular Bonding for Thermal Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hybrid electrolytic capacitors face reliability and temperature stability issues due to the susceptibility of liquid electrolytes to evaporation at elevated temperatures, limiting their application in high-temperature environments.
Innovation Solution
Formation of intermolecular bonds between a solid conductive polymer electrolyte and an impregnating electrolyte, enhancing film integrity and improving the interaction between the two, thereby increasing the temperature stability of hybrid capacitors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If liquid electrolyte is used in hybrid capacitors, then capacitance rating and effective surface area are improved, but reliability and temperature stability deteriorate due to evaporation at elevated temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of the electrolyte from liquid to solid conductive polymer, fundamentally altering the parameter of electrolyte phase. This transformation eliminates evaporation at elevated temperatures while maintaining the necessary ionic conductivity through careful selection and formulation of the solid polymer material
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte structure by combining solid conductive polymer with liquid electrolyte components. The solid polymer matrix provides temperature stability and prevents evaporation, while embedded liquid electrolyte or gel components maintain high ionic conductivity and capacitance performance
2Temperature
If solid conductive polymer electrolyte is used, then temperature stability is improved, but conductivity and ESR performance worsen compared to liquid electrolyte
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes parameters of the solid conductive polymer including molecular weight, doping level, and crystallinity to achieve the desired balance between temperature stability and conductivity. By adjusting these parameters, the material maintains low ESR while resisting thermal degradation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs porous solid polymer structures that increase the surface area and provide pathways for ion transport. The porous architecture allows liquid electrolyte penetration or gel formation within the polymer matrix, enhancing ionic conductivity while maintaining the solid polymer's thermal stability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method improves the durability and reliability of hybrid capacitors by forming intermolecular bonds, which enhances the retention of the impregnating electrolyte and increases the capacitors' stability at higher temperatures, addressing the limitations of existing hybrid capacitors.
Implementation Method 1
forming an intermolecular bond between the solid electrolyte and the impregnating electrolyte
Implementation Method 2
impregnating the solid electrolyte layer with an impregnating electrolyte
Data Source
AI summary
An improved hybrid capacitor is described. The hybrid capacitor comprises an anode with a dielectric thereon and a cathode. An electrolyte is in electrical contact with the cathode and between the cathode and the dielectric. The electrolyte comprises a solid electrolyte coated on the cathode and an impregnating electrolyte wherein the solid electrolyte and the impregnating electrolyte have an intermolecular bond there between.