Hybrid Corn CH010992 Breeding via Male Sterility and Genome Editing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current corn breeding techniques face challenges in developing hybrid varieties that combine desirable traits such as high yield, disease resistance, and uniformity, while maintaining genetic stability and avoiding self-pollination, which limits the introduction of new genetic modifications and cytoplasmic traits.
Innovation Solution
The development of the hybrid corn variety CH010992, which incorporates a cytoplasmic or nuclear factor for male sterility, genetic modifications for herbicide resistance, and disease resistance, and a method for controlled cross-pollination using emasculation and self-incompatibility systems to produce hybrid seeds with specific traits like waxy starch and altered metabolism, utilizing genome editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If self-pollination is allowed in corn breeding, then genetic stability is maintained, but genetic diversity and hybrid vigor are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-modifying parental lines with male sterility genes (such as CMS cytoplasmic male sterility or nuclear male sterility genes) before crossing. This ensures that self-pollination is prevented in the F1 hybrid generation, while allowing controlled cross-pollination to occur. The male sterility trait is established in advance in one parent, eliminating the need for manual emasculation and ensuring genetic diversity in the hybrid while maintaining stability through controlled breeding.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses male sterility genes as an intermediary mechanism to control pollination. The male sterility factor acts as a mediator that prevents self-pollination while allowing cross-pollination with fertile lines. This intermediary system enables automatic differentiation between self-compatible and cross-compatible matings, resolving the contradiction between maintaining genetic stability and promoting genetic diversity.
2Productivity
If manual emasculation is used to prevent self-pollination, then hybrid seed production is achieved, but labor intensity and production cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by using genetically determined male sterility in parental lines, which automatically prevents self-pollination without requiring manual intervention. The plant itself 'services' the breeding process by being naturally incapable of self-fertilization, thereby eliminating the need for labor-intensive emasculation operations and reducing production costs while maintaining hybrid seed production efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical system of manual emasculation with a biological system based on genetic male sterility. Instead of physically removing or inactivating anthers through mechanical means, the invention uses genetically programmed sterility (cytoplasmic or nuclear) to achieve the same effect automatically, thereby simplifying the breeding process and reducing labor requirements.
3Reliability
If genetic modifications are introduced to improve traits, then herbicide resistance and disease resistance are enhanced, but genetic stability and uniformity may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by introducing specific genetic modifications (such as herbicide resistance genes like EPSPS or ALS mutations, and disease resistance genes) into specific loci of the parental genome without affecting the overall genetic stability of the line. The modifications are localized to specific traits while maintaining uniformity and consistency across the population, allowing trait improvement without compromising genetic stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses parameter changes by modifying specific genetic parameters (gene sequences, allele frequencies) at targeted loci to introduce desirable traits such as herbicide resistance and disease resistance. These controlled parameter changes in the parental lines result in consistent expression of traits in the hybrid progeny, improving reliability while maintaining genetic stability through precise genetic engineering rather than random mutation.
Data Source
AI summary
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH010992. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH010992, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH010992 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH010992.