90° Hybrid Coupler Duplexer Balancing for High Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless communication devices face challenges in achieving high isolation of wireless signals between transmitters and receivers while maintaining low insertion loss, due to non-ideal behavior of components in the isolation circuitry.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a communication device with a 90 degree hybrid coupler and phase shifters, which splits and phase-shifts signals to constructively combine them, thereby reducing insertion loss and enhancing isolation between the transmitter, receiver, and antennas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If isolation circuitry components are used to isolate transmitter from receiver, then isolation of wireless signals is improved, but insertion loss increases due to non-ideal component behavior
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters (impedance, phase) of the isolation circuitry components to achieve ideal behavior. By transforming the impedance values and adjusting phase shifts, the circuit components operate at optimal parameters that simultaneously provide high isolation and low insertion loss, resolving the contradiction between these two performance metrics
2Device complexity
If components in isolation circuitry operate in non-ideal manner, then device complexity is reduced, but isolation performance deteriorates and insertion loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than simplifying the circuit structure, the patent maintains the isolation circuitry architecture and instead optimizes the electrical parameters of existing components. By adjusting impedance transformations and phase shift values, the circuit achieves ideal performance without adding complexity, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively improves isolation and reduces insertion loss between the transmitter, receiver, and antennas, ensuring high-performance wireless communication by balancing the conditions of the duplexer.
Implementation Method 1
The 90 degree hybrid coupler may be configured to receive a signal from the transmit circuitry, split the signal into a first portion and a second portion, phase-shift the first portion of the signal
Implementation Method 2
The at least one phase shifter may be configured to phase-shift a second portion of the signal such that the first portion and the second portion are in phase
Implementation Method 3
the 90 degree hybrid coupler may be configured to shift the first portion of the signal and constructively combine the first portion of the signal and the second portion of the signal
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device may include isolation circuitry coupled between a transmitter, a receiver, and one or more antennas. The isolation circuitry may include a 90 degree hybrid coupler configured receive a transmission (TX) signal from the transmitter, split the TX signal into a first portion and a second portion, and phase-shift a portion such that the portions are +90 degrees out-of-phase. The isolation circuitry may include phase shifters that phase-shift the portions such that the portions are in-phase prior to propagating to the antenna. The phase shifters may receive a first portion and a second portion of a receiver (RX) signal from splitter circuitry. The phase shifters may phase-shift the portions such that the portions are out-of-phase by −90 degrees. The 90 degree hybrid coupler may phase-shift the first portion and/or the second portion such that the portions are in-phase and constructively combine prior to propagating to the receiver.