Hybrid Vibration Damping Actuator With Controllable Negative Stiffness
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vibration damping systems, particularly semi-active systems, have limited controllability and performance across the full-frequency domain due to their inability to adjust damping force direction, resulting in suboptimal vibration damping compared to active systems, while active systems are hindered by high power consumption and complex structures.
Innovation Solution
A vibration damping actuator combining a controllable damping actuator with a controllable negative stiffness actuator, allowing for adjustable damping and negative stiffness based on control signals, enabling four-quadrant mechanical control and improved vibration isolation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a semi-active vibration damping system is used, then the structure is simpler and power consumption is lower, but the vibration damping performance is limited and cannot achieve optimal performance in the full-frequency domain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a passive vibration damper with an active actuator to form a hybrid vibration damping system. The passive damper provides baseline damping with simple structure, while the active actuator adds controllable force generation capability. This merging allows the system to achieve active-level vibration damping performance across the full-frequency domain while maintaining simpler structure and lower power consumption compared to pure active systems.
2Reliability
If an active vibration damping system is used, then the vibration damping performance is good with adjustable magnitude and direction, but the power consumption is high and structure is complex
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid system merges passive and active components, where the passive damper handles baseline vibration suppression and the active actuator provides supplemental controllable force. This division of labor allows the system to achieve good vibration damping performance with adjustable magnitude and direction while avoiding the high power consumption and complex structure of pure active systems, as the passive component requires no power and has simple structure.
3Use of energy by moving object
If a semi-active vibration damping system is used, then the power consumption is lower, but the system cannot adjust the direction of damping force and is limited to the first and third quadrants
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid system combines the passive damper's low power consumption characteristic with the active actuator's full controllability. The passive damper maintains low power consumption while the active actuator adds the capability to adjust both magnitude and direction of the damping force, enabling operation in all four quadrants of the force-velocity diagram and significantly improving adaptability and versatility.
4Device complexity
If a passive vibration damping system is used, then the structure is simple and cost is low, but the system parameters cannot be adjusted and usage scenario is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid system merges the passive damper's structural simplicity with the active actuator's parameter adjustability. The passive component maintains simple structure and low cost, while the active actuator adds electronic control capability that allows real-time adjustment of damping parameters, expanding the system's adaptability and versatility across different usage scenarios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combined actuator achieves high vibration damping performance comparable to active systems with lower power consumption and cost, expanding application scenarios and improving vibration isolation across a broader frequency range.
Implementation Method 1
The controllable negative stiffness actuator may be formed through the combination of a set of magnetic devices arranged in the same pole or springs
Implementation Method 2
by changing the magnitude of the current in the electromagnet or changing the spring stiffness in the spring system, the magnitude of the negative stiffness may be controlled
Implementation Method 3
The vibration damping actuator may combine the negative stiffness characteristics with the semi-active system such as the magnetorheological vibration damper
Data Source
AI summary
A vibration damping actuator provided by the present disclosure uses a magnet system or a spring system to introduce controllable negative stiffness characteristics into a semi-active system, so as to couple a controllable negative stiffness actuator on the basis of the semi-active actuator (controllable damping actuator). Based on the coupling and integration of the semi-active actuator (controllable damping actuator) and the controllable negative stiffness actuator, the vibration damping actuator may realize four-quadrant mechanical characteristics of an active actuator, improve the vibration damping effect of the semi-active system on the basis of ensuring the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, stability and reliability, and simple structure of the vibration control system of the semi-active actuator (controllable damping actuator), and improve the vibration isolation effect of the semi-active system to a level close to that of an active system.