Hybrid DC/DC Converter Architecture for Battery Control Electronics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems face significant energy losses during voltage conversion for self-supplying control electronics, particularly during idle or sleep modes, which can exceed energy losses due to controlling or RTC power consumption, and require efficient power management to ensure safety and reduce construction space.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of hybrid power-supplied control electronics using a first DC/DC converter for high voltage and a second DC/DC converter for low voltage, with galvanic isolation and a wake-up circuit to minimize power consumption during sleep mode, allowing the system to be self-supplied by a low voltage battery, reducing energy losses and ensuring power to the RTC.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the battery system self-supplies control electronics through voltage conversion, then construction space is reduced, but energy losses during voltage conversion increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The control electronics are segmented into two independent power supply paths: one for sleep mode operation powered by the 12V battery, and another for active mode operation powered by the battery system. This segmentation allows each path to be optimized for its specific operating condition, eliminating the need for continuous high-voltage conversion during sleep mode.
Solution Approach 2:
The system switches between different power supply modes periodically: during sleep mode, the 12V battery supplies power through the second DC/DC converter; during active mode, the battery system supplies power through the first DC/DC converter. This periodic switching optimizes energy efficiency by avoiding unnecessary voltage conversion during low-power periods.
2Device complexity
If the battery system self-supplies control electronics, then additional power sources are eliminated, but power consumption during idle periods increases
Solution Approach 1:
The 12V battery acts as an intermediary power source during sleep mode, providing low-voltage power to the control electronics without requiring the high-voltage battery system to remain active. This intermediary approach allows the battery system to enter a lower-power state while maintaining control electronics functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the voltage parameter dynamically: during sleep mode, it operates at 12V through the second DC/DC converter; during active mode, it operates at the battery system's output voltage through the first DC/DC converter. This parameter change optimizes power consumption by matching the operating voltage to the operational state.
3Adaptability or versatility
If control electronics are operated at 12V to be compatible with vehicle electronics, then compatibility is improved, but voltage regulation requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage regulation is segmented into two independent DC/DC converters: the first converter handles high-voltage to 12V conversion for active mode, and the second converter handles 12V battery to control electronics voltage conversion for sleep mode. This segmentation simplifies voltage regulation by dedicating each converter to a specific operating mode.
Solution Approach 2:
The control electronics are designed with universal compatibility for both 12V operation (sleep mode) and battery system voltage operation (active mode). The dual DC/DC converter architecture provides multi-functionality, allowing the same control electronics to operate efficiently in both voltage regimes without requiring separate designs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution significantly reduces power consumption during sleep modes, maintains system safety, and ensures continuous power to the RTC, while allowing the battery system to operate independently of the low voltage battery, thereby addressing the inefficiencies of traditional voltage conversion methods.
Implementation Method 1
a first DC/DC converter (10) with a first input node (11) that is configured to be connected to the battery system, for receiving a high supply voltage from the battery system
Implementation Method 2
a second DC/DC converter (40) that has an input node (41), which is configured to be connected to the low voltage battery, for receiving a low supply voltage from the low voltage battery
Data Source
AI summary
Control electronics for a battery system of a vehicle with a low voltage battery include a first direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converter including a first input terminal configured to be connected to the battery system, and an output terminal connected to a microcontroller, a wake-up circuit including a low voltage sub circuit and a sub circuit on a high voltage side that are galvanically isolated, and a second DC/DC converter including an input terminal configured to be connected to the low voltage battery, and an output terminal connected to the wake-up circuit, wherein the low voltage sub circuit is configured to transmit electrical energy received from the second DC/DC converter to the sub circuit on the high voltage side, and wherein the sub circuit on the high voltage side is configured to receive electrical energy from the low voltage sub circuit and to transmit the electrical energy to the first DC/DC converter.