Hybrid Electrode Materials for Bipolar Solid-State Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries, particularly solid-state batteries, face limitations in energy density and power capability, especially in high-power, low-voltage applications like under-hood start-up batteries for vehicles, and struggle to perform effectively at cold temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A bipolar capacitor-assisted solid-state battery design is introduced, where at least one electrode of each electrochemical unit cell includes a mixture of active electrode material, solid-state electrolyte material, and capacitor material, with the capacitor material being a supercapacitor material, enhancing power density by improving discharge kinetics without compromising energy density through a balanced bipolar battery architecture.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If solid-state lithium ion batteries are used, then energy density and temperature performance are improved, but power capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines battery electrodes with capacitor materials to create a hybrid electrochemical device that merges the energy storage capabilities of batteries with the power delivery capabilities of capacitors, thereby improving power capability while maintaining energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite electrode materials that include both battery active materials and capacitor materials, creating a composite structure that exhibits both high energy density and high power capability characteristics
2Power
If solid-state batteries are designed for high power applications, then power density is improved, but cold temperature performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrode composition by incorporating capacitor materials with different electrochemical properties that maintain stability at cold temperatures, changing the physical and chemical parameters of the electrode to improve cold-temperature reliability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly enhances the battery's ability to deliver high power for short durations at cold temperatures, making it suitable for high-power, low-voltage applications and potentially replacing traditional lead-acid batteries in automotive systems.
Implementation Method 1
The capacitor material is a supercapacitor material that stores charge electrostatically (non-electrochemically), e.g., in an electric double layer
Implementation Method 2
a lithium ion-conductive electrolyte-containing separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The lithium ion-conductive electrolyte-containing separator of each electrochemical battery unit cell comprises a solid-state electrolyte material
Data Source
AI summary
A bipolar capacitor-assisted solid-state battery is disclosed that includes a plurality of electrochemical battery unit cells, each of which includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a lithium ion-conductive electrolyte-containing separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The lithium ion-conductive electrolyte-containing separator of each electrochemical battery unit cell comprises a solid-state electrolyte material, and, additionally, at least one negative electrode of the electrochemical battery unit cells or at least one positive electrode of the electrochemical battery unit cells includes a capacitor material. The bipolar capacitor-assisted solid-state battery further includes a bipolar current collector disposed between a negative electrode of one electrochemical battery unit cell and a positive electrode of an adjacent electrochemical battery unit cell. A method for manufacturing the disclosed bipolar capacitor-assisted solid-state battery is also disclosed.