Hybrid Battery Capacitor Electrode Stacking Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for a method to efficiently combine lithium-ion batteries and capacitors to optimize their mutual interconnection and interaction for improved energy and power densities in hybrid electrochemical cells, particularly for applications like electric vehicles.
Innovation Solution
The formation of hybrid electrochemical cells by combining lithium-ion battery electrodes and capacitor electrodes with varying compositions and arrangements, using porous layers of micrometer-sized particles on current collector foils, allows for customizable energy and power densities by alternating and interposing different electrode materials with separators, and infiltrating with a lithium cation-conducting electrolyte.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium-ion battery electrodes and capacitor electrodes are combined in hybrid electrochemical cells, then energy density and power density are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines lithium-ion battery electrodes and capacitor electrodes into hybrid electrochemical cells, merging two different energy storage technologies into a single integrated system. This allows the hybrid cell to simultaneously achieve the high energy density of battery materials and the high power density of capacitor materials, resolving the contradiction between energy density improvement and device complexity by creating a unified hybrid structure rather than separate systems
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite electrode structures where battery electrode materials and capacitor electrode materials are combined in alternating layers or within the same electrode assembly. This composite approach enables the system to exhibit both battery-like energy storage characteristics and capacitor-like power delivery characteristics, achieving improved overall performance while managing the complexity through material-level integration
2Productivity
If battery electrode materials and capacitor electrode materials are alternately stacked or wound, then energy and power densities are optimized, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the electrode assembly into alternating layers or sections of battery electrode material and capacitor electrode material. This segmentation allows each material type to contribute its specific strengths (battery for energy density, capacitor for power density) while organizing them in a repeating pattern that can be manufactured through systematic stacking or winding processes, balancing performance optimization with manufacturing feasibility
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from considering single-electrode designs to multi-layered alternating structures in the dimensional domain, stacking or winding battery and capacitor electrodes in alternating sequences. This dimensional approach to electrode arrangement enables simultaneous optimization of energy and power densities by creating a layered architecture where each layer contributes differently to overall cell performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the creation of hybrid cells with tailored energy and power densities, enhancing their performance in various applications by balancing the energy storage capacity of battery materials with the rapid charge-discharge capabilities of capacitor materials.
Implementation Method 1
the anode particles and cathode particles alternately intercalate and de-intercalate lithium ions (Li+)
Implementation Method 2
positively charged capacitor electrode particles alternately adsorb and desorb anions (such as PF6−), and negatively charged capacitor electrode particles alternately adsorb and desorb cations (such as Li+)
Implementation Method 3
a lithium cation-conducting electrolyte composed of one or more lithium salts (such as LiPF6) dissolved in a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte
Data Source
AI summary
Electrodes are formed with a porous layer of particulate electrode material bonded to each of the two major sides of a compatible metal current collector. In one embodiment, opposing electrodes are formed with like lithium-ion battery anode materials or like cathode materials or capacitor materials on both sides of the current collector. In another embodiment, a battery electrode material is applied to one side of a current collector and capacitor material is applied to the other side. In general, the electrodes are formed by combining a suitable grouping of capacitor layers with un-equal numbers of anode and cathode battery layers. One or more pairs of opposing electrodes are assembled to provide a combination of battery and capacitor energy and power properties in a hybrid electrochemical cell. The cells may be formed by stacking or winding rolls of the opposing electrodes with interposed separators.