Hybrid Electromagnetic Suspension Control for Energy Recovery
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing electromagnetic hybrid suspension systems face challenges in coordinating energy consumption, vibration isolation, and tire road holding, particularly in active control modes, where energy recovery and dynamic performance are compromised.
Innovation Solution
A control method is developed for electromagnetic hybrid suspension systems, dividing them into four modes (comfort, sport, comprehensive, and energy-feeding) with sub-modes (active and semi-active control) to optimize energy recovery and dynamic performance through a linear motor and LQG control strategy, using genetic algorithms to adjust weighting coefficients for improved performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If active control mode is used to improve vibration isolation performance, then the RMS value of vehicle body acceleration is reduced, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between active control mode and energy-feeding mode based on real-time operating conditions. In active control mode, the linear motor provides active compensation forces to reduce vehicle body acceleration. In energy-feeding mode, the system transitions to energy recovery. This dynamic switching resolves the contradiction by applying active control only when necessary for vibration isolation performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The control strategy changes the operating parameters of the linear motor based on the selected mode. In active control mode, the motor operates in motor mode with specific current and force parameters optimized for vibration reduction. In energy-feeding mode, the parameters are changed to enable generator operation, maximizing energy recovery while maintaining basic suspension function.
2Reliability
If active control mode is used to improve dynamic performance, then the RMS value of tire dynamic load is reduced, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between sport mode (active control) and energy-feeding mode based on road conditions and performance requirements. When tire road holding is critical, the system activates sport mode with active control forces. When basic suspension function suffices, it transitions to energy-feeding mode to recover energy.
3Loss of energy
If energy-feeding mode is used to maximize energy recovery, then energy consumption is reduced, but vibration isolation and dynamic performance deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
In energy-feeding mode, the linear motor operates partially as a passive damper rather than providing full active control forces. The system accepts partial deterioration in vibration isolation performance in exchange for maximizing energy recovery. This partial action approach allows the motor to function as an electromagnetic damper while still recovering energy from suspension movements.
Solution Approach 2:
The control strategy changes the operating parameters of the linear motor to enable energy recovery. The motor operates in generator mode with parameter settings optimized for maximum energy harvesting rather than optimal vibration isolation, accepting the trade-off in performance.
4Loss of energy
If electromagnetic hybrid suspension is used to recover vibration energy, then fuel economy is improved, but the contradiction between vibration isolation and road holding remains
Solution Approach 1:
The control strategy is segmented into distinct operational modes (comfort mode, sport mode, and energy-feeding mode), each optimized for specific performance objectives. This segmentation allows the system to prioritize different functions under different conditions, resolving the coordination contradiction by applying appropriate control strategies contextually.
Solution Approach 2:
The linear motor serves multiple functions: it acts as an actuator for active control in comfort and sport modes, and as a generator for energy recovery in energy-feeding mode. This multi-functionality allows the electromagnetic hybrid suspension to address both vibration isolation and energy recovery needs, improving fuel economy while maintaining adaptability across different operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for efficient energy recovery, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced dynamic performance, balancing vibration isolation and tire road holding across different modes, thereby improving fuel economy and reducing emissions.
Implementation Method 1
the linear motor outputs active control force Fact to suspension
Implementation Method 2
the electric energy recovered by the linear motor as a generator is stored in super capacitors
Data Source
AI summary
A control method for hybrid electromagnetic suspension. The method provides four modes for hybrid electromagnetic suspension: a comfort mode, a sport mode, a combined mode, and an energy feedback mode. A driver can switch between the four modes as desired. For the comfort, sport, and combined modes, hybrid control is adopted, and two sub-modes are provided: an active control mode and a semi-active control mode. A switching condition between the two sub-modes is determined by using a novel parameter Cact and comparing the same against a maximum equivalent electromagnetic damping coefficient Ceqmax of a linear motor. The present invention solves the problem of achieving a balance between suspension comfort and tire traction, and meets the demands of different operating conditions and users by enabling manual mode switching. In addition, the hybrid control is employed to solve the problems of high energy consumption of active suspension and limited control performance of semi-active suspension, thus ensuring good kinematic performance of automobile suspension while reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the energy feedback mode is designed to enable the suspension to perform energy recovery, meeting demands of energy conservation and emission reduction.