Hybrid Energy Storage Controller for Dynamic Load Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The hybrid power supply system's control parameters, such as the time constant of the HPF and proportional gain of the compensator, are not versatile and depend on load fluctuation characteristics, leading to inefficiencies when frequency or magnitude of load fluctuation changes, affecting the battery and capacitor's power distribution.
Innovation Solution
A power storage system with a controller that prioritizes the charging and discharging of a capacitor over a secondary battery, using a DC/DC converter to manage current deviations and set target current values based on the battery's state, allowing the system to operate independently of load fluctuation characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If control parameters (time constant of HPF and proportional gain of compensator) are set based on load fluctuation characteristics, then the hybrid power supply system can optimize power distribution between battery and capacitor, but the system becomes poor in versatility when frequency or magnitude of load fluctuation changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic control parameters that automatically adapt to different load fluctuation characteristics. The controller dynamically adjusts the time constant of the HPF and proportional gain of the compensator based on real-time detection of load fluctuation frequency and magnitude, enabling the system to maintain optimal power distribution efficiency across various operating conditions without manual reconfiguration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes control parameters (time constant and proportional gain) according to detected load fluctuation characteristics. When load fluctuation frequency or magnitude changes, the controller modifies these parameters to maintain optimal system performance, thereby resolving the contradiction between optimized power distribution and system versatility
2Reliability
If the time constant T EDLC of the HPF is set based on capacitor capacity and charge/discharge cycle, then the capacitor can cover high-frequency load fluctuation, but the setting becomes unsuitable when load fluctuation frequency changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the HPF time constant dynamic rather than fixed. The controller detects load fluctuation frequency and automatically adjusts the HPF time constant to match the actual operating conditions, ensuring the capacitor effectively covers high-frequency components regardless of whether the frequency is F1 or F2
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the controller continuously detects load fluctuation characteristics and uses this information to adjust the HPF time constant. This closed-loop control ensures the capacitor's time constant setting remains suitable even when load fluctuation frequency changes from F1 to F2
3Reliability
If the proportional gain kp of the proportional compensator is increased to compensate for capacitor loss, then capacitor voltage stability improves, but power supply from the battery increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts the proportional gain kp based on detected load fluctuation magnitude. When load fluctuation magnitude is small, the controller reduces kp to minimize battery power consumption. When load fluctuation magnitude is large, the controller increases kp to maintain capacitor voltage stability, thus optimizing the trade-off between voltage stability and energy usage
4Device complexity
If the hybrid power supply system uses fixed control parameters, then the system structure is simple, but the system cannot adapt to different charge/discharge patterns or applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic control parameters that automatically adapt to different charge/discharge patterns and applications. The controller detects load fluctuation characteristics and adjusts the HPF time constant and compensator gain accordingly, enabling the system to work effectively across various applications (ships, vehicles, renewable energy systems) without requiring complex manual reconfiguration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the control system to automatically detect and adapt to different operating conditions without external intervention. The controller self-adjusts control parameters based on real-time load fluctuation detection, making the system versatile across different applications while maintaining relatively simple overall structure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration extends the life of the secondary battery by reducing its charging and discharging frequency, making the power storage system more versatile and long-lived.
Implementation Method 1
a capacitor (11) connected to power-supply-side terminals of the power converter (13) via a DC/DC converter (17) in parallel to the secondary battery (10)
Data Source
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AI summary
A power storage system 100 supplies electric power to a load 200, and includes: a secondary battery 10; a capacitor 11 connected in parallel to the secondary battery 10; and a controller 12 performing control to prioritize charging and discharging of the capacitor 11 over charging and discharging of the secondary battery 10.