Hybrid Powertrain Gearbox Torque Shift Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hybrid powertrains face challenges in achieving desired gear shifts with a small number of gear steps without torque interruption, often requiring complex and heavy clutch mechanisms that increase fuel consumption and wear, and limiting the compactness and reliability of the drive arrangement.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a gearbox with two planetary gears and two electrical machines, where coupling devices and locking mechanisms allow for synchronous rotational speeds between planetary wheel carriers and sun wheels, enabling gear shifts without torque interruption and reducing the need for conventional clutches, resulting in a compact, reliable, and efficient powertrain.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional clutch mechanisms are used to achieve gear shifts, then gear shifting is possible, but the device complexity increases, weight increases, and fuel consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegear shifting capabilityVSAvoidclutch mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the conventional clutch mechanism from the hybrid powertrain. By using the planetary gear set's inherent ability to disconnect torque flow through controlled engagement of clutch elements (C1, C2, C3) and braking elements (B1, B2, B3), the system achieves gear shifting without requiring a separate clutch device, thereby reducing device complexity and weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The planetary gear set is designed to perform multiple functions: it provides gear ratio changes, enables torque interruption during shifts, and allows for different operating modes (electric motor-only, combustion engine-only, or combined). This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated clutch mechanisms, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining ease of operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of operation

If conventional clutch mechanisms are used to achieve gear shifts, then gear shifting is possible, but weight increases and cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegear shifting capabilityVSAvoidpowertrain weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the separate clutch mechanism from the powertrain architecture. The gear shifting function is achieved through the planetary gear set's internal clutch and brake elements, which are already necessary for mode transitions. This extraction eliminates redundant components, reducing powertrain weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the gear shifting function with the existing planetary gear set operations. The same clutch elements (C1, C2, C3) and brake elements (B1, B2, B3) that manage torque distribution between the electric motor and combustion engine are also used for gear shifting. This consolidation eliminates the need for additional clutch components, reducing weight and cost

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of operation

If conventional clutch mechanisms are used to achieve gear shifts, then gear shifting is possible, but fuel consumption increases due to wear and heating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegear shifting capabilityVSAvoidfuel consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the friction-based conventional clutch mechanism with a planetary gear-based torque management system. The clutch elements (C1, C2, C3) and brake elements (B1, B2, B3) in the planetary gear set provide torque interruption through mechanical engagement rather than friction, significantly reducing energy loss due to heating and wear

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables continuous torque flow through the planetary gear set during gear transitions. By carefully controlling the engagement sequence of clutch and brake elements, the system maintains torque transmission without interruption or significant energy loss, unlike conventional clutches that require friction-based sliding during engagement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

4Device complexity

If the number of gear steps is reduced, then the device complexity decreases, but the adaptability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegearbox complexityVSAvoidgear range coverage
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent adds a new dimension to gear ratio adjustment by incorporating an electric motor with variable speed capability. Instead of relying solely on multiple fixed gear steps, the system can continuously adjust the effective gear ratio by varying the electric motor's rotational speed, thereby achieving the same adaptability with fewer mechanical gear steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces dynamic gear ratio adjustment through the electric motor's variable speed operation. The effective gear ratio becomes a dynamic parameter that can be continuously adjusted by controlling the electric motor's speed, rather than being fixed at discrete steps. This dynamic approach maintains adaptability while reducing the number of mechanical gear components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3119654B1Method for controlling a hybrid vehicle driveline
Publication Date: 2019.01.30 SCANIA CV AB
  • EP3119654B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3119654B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3119654B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method to control a hybrid powertrain (3), comprising a combustion engine (4); a gearbox with an input shaft (8) and an output shaft (20), which combustion engine is connected to the input shaft (8); a first planetary gear (10), which is connected to the input shaft (8): a second planetary gear (12), connected to the first planetary gear (10); a first electrical machine (14), connected to the first planetary gear (10); a second electrical machine (16), connected to the second planetary gear (12); at least one gear pair (Gl, 60, 72), connected with the first planetary gear (10) and the output shaft (20); and at least one gear pair (G2, 66, 78), connected with the second planetary gear (12) and the output shaft (20). The method comprises the steps: a) engaging gears in the gearbox (2), corresponding to the at least one gear pair (Gl, 60, 72), which is connected with the first planetary gear (10), and to the gear pair (G2, 66, 78), which is connected with the second planetary gear (12) and the output shaft (20); and b) connecting two rotatable components (28, 32, 51) in the second planetary gear (12) with a second coupling device (58). The invention also relates to a vehicle (1) with a hybrid drive line (3), which vehicle (1) comprises a gearbox (2), which is controlled according to the method. The invention also relates to a computer program (P) to control a hybrid powertrain (3) and a computer program product comprising program code for an elec- tronic control device (48) or another computer (53) to implement the method according to the invention.