Hybrid Mesh Network for Vehicles in Motion
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Solution Overview
Problem
5G-NR technology faces challenges in maintaining high-bandwidth communication between devices and base stations due to the need for line-of-sight, especially for vehicles in motion, as millimeter waves are obstructed by geographical topology, necessitating alternative methods to complement 5G-NR air-interface technologies.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid mesh network is created using unlicensed wireless frequency bands for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication and licensed wireless frequency bands for communication with massive MIMO base stations, allowing data transfer via V2V connections when line-of-sight with the base station is obstructed, utilizing transceivers and processors to dynamically adjust and optimize communication channels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If millimeter wave frequency bands are used for high-bandwidth communication, then data transfer speed is improved, but communication reliability deteriorates due to obstruction by geographical topology and buildings
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces unlicensed frequency bands as intermediary communication channels between vehicles and base stations. When millimeter wave signals are blocked by buildings or terrain, the system automatically switches to unlicensed bands (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 60 GHz) that can penetrate obstacles better, ensuring continuous communication while maintaining high data transfer speeds where possible
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the operating frequency parameter based on environmental conditions. It monitors signal quality and obstruction levels, then switches between licensed millimeter wave bands (24-72 GHz) for high-speed communication and unlicensed bands for reliable communication through obstacles, optimizing both speed and reliability according to real-time conditions
2Productivity
If line-of-sight communication is required for millimeter waves, then data transfer efficiency is improved, but adaptability to different environments deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The communication system transitions from a static line-of-sight requirement to a dynamic multi-path communication architecture. It continuously monitors channel conditions and adapts the transmission path, switching between direct line-of-sight millimeter wave links and indirect unlicensed band links through relays or reflectors, enabling efficient data transfer in both clear and obstructed environments
3Reliability
If hybrid mesh network is implemented using both licensed and unlicensed bands, then communication reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs transceivers with multi-functionality that can operate across both licensed millimeter wave bands and unlicensed bands. The same hardware infrastructure performs multiple functions: high-speed data transfer, reliable communication through obstacles, and dynamic band switching, reducing the need for separate dedicated systems for each frequency band and managing complexity through unified device architecture
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure describes techniques for creating a hybrid mesh of unlicensed wireless frequency bands between two or more vehicles communicating using an unlicensed wireless frequency band, and a massive MIMO base station communicating with the two or more vehicles using a licensed wireless frequency band. The hybrid mesh can be used to upload and download data from a vehicle in motion. The hybrid mesh can be formed via V2V connections between the vehicle and nearby vehicles. In other words, if a vehicle moves into a region outside the operating boundary of a 5G-NR massive MIMO base-station node, the vehicle can interact with other vehicles to generate a data pipeline using the unlicensed wireless frequency band from the vehicle the nearby vehicle, and using the licensed wireless frequency band from the nearby vehicle to the nearest, massive MIMO base station.