Hybrid Power Generation Facility Combustion Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional combined cycle power plants face limitations in overall efficiency, load followability, and operation safety due to limitations in absorbing heat exhaust gas and maintaining combustion stability, particularly with low energy efficiency and slow combustion speed adjustments.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid power generation facility incorporating a gas turbine, steam turbine, and advanced control systems, including oxygen sensors and dampers, to optimize the flow rate and mixing ratio of combustion gases and oxygen, along with heat exchangers to recover heat, enhancing operational efficiency and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If a conventional combined cycle power plant uses a gas turbine and boiler to generate power, then electricity production is achieved, but the overall efficiency is limited due to inability to fully absorb exhaust gas heat
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a gas turbine system with a boiler system in a hybrid configuration where exhaust gas from the gas turbine is directly supplied to the boiler burner. This merging of the two systems allows the boiler to utilize both fuel combustion and exhaust gas heat simultaneously, thereby fully absorbing the exhaust gas heat that would otherwise be wasted and significantly improving overall energy efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful waste heat in exhaust gas into a useful resource by directing it to the boiler combustion chamber. The exhaust gas, which would normally be discharged into the environment causing energy loss, is now utilized as a heat source to generate steam, transforming an energy waste stream into a valuable energy input for power generation.
2Productivity
If a conventional combined cycle power plant increases combustion speed, then power generation capacity increases, but combustion stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the composition parameters of the combustion mixture by supplying exhaust gas (which contains inert components and lower oxygen concentration) to the boiler burner alongside fresh air. This parameter change in the combustion mixture allows for higher combustion speeds while maintaining stability, as the exhaust gas acts as a stabilizing agent that moderates the combustion process.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust gas serves as an intermediary substance between the fuel and the primary combustion air in the boiler. It mediates the combustion process by providing additional heat while its inert components help stabilize the flame, enabling the system to achieve high power generation capacity without sacrificing combustion stability.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If a conventional combined cycle power plant uses natural gas for boiler combustion, then pollution is reduced compared to coal-fired plants, but energy efficiency remains lower than gas turbine generators
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the advantages of both natural gas combustion (low pollution) and exhaust gas heat utilization (high efficiency) in the boiler system. By combining fuel combustion with exhaust gas heat input, the system maintains the environmental benefits of natural gas while achieving energy efficiency levels comparable to or exceeding traditional gas turbine generators.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the waste heat in exhaust gas into useful energy input for the boiler, transforming an energy loss into an efficiency gain. This allows the system to maintain low pollution emissions from natural gas combustion while achieving high energy efficiency by utilizing what would otherwise be wasted thermal energy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hybrid power generation facility increases overall efficiency, improves load followability, and ensures operation safety by optimizing the mixing ratio of combustion gases and oxygen, and recovering heat, thereby addressing the limitations of conventional systems.
Implementation Method 1
a heat exchanger through which the first air pipeline extends and second combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber passes so that oxygen flowing through the first air pipeline is heat-exchanged with the second combustion gas in the first heat exchanger
Implementation Method 2
a first oxygen sensor installed at an inlet of the burner and configured to measure a concentration of oxygen of the first combustion gas supplied to the burner
Implementation Method 3
a first GT damper installed in the first GT pipeline and configured to adjust a flow rate of a fluid flowing through the first GT pipeline according to the oxygen concentration measured by the first oxygen sensor
Implementation Method 4
a combustor configured to mix the compressed air supplied from the compressor with fuel and to combust the air and fuel mixture
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a hybrid power generation facility. The hybrid power generation facility includes a gas turbine including a compressor configured to compress air introduced from an outside, a combustor configured to mix the compressed air with fuel and to combust the air and fuel mixture, and a turbine configured to produce power with first combustion gas discharged from the combustor, a boiler including a combustion chamber and a burner installed in the combustion chamber and into which the first combustion gas discharged from the turbine of the gas turbine is introduced, a steam turbine through which steam generated in the combustion chamber passes, a first GT (gas turbine) pipeline connected between the turbine of the gas turbine and the burner, a first air pipeline connected to the first GT pipeline to supply oxygen to the burner, a first oxygen sensor installed at an inlet of the burner to measure an oxygen concentration of a fluid flowing into the burner, and a first GT damper installed in the first GT pipeline to control a flow rate of the fluid flowing through the first GT pipeline according to the oxygen concentration measured by the first oxygen sensor.