Hybrid Product Polar Codes for Low-Latency High-Throughput Decoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional polar codes suffer from high-decoding latency and low throughput, particularly in long-length codes, making them unsuitable for low-latency applications in fiber-optical communication systems.
Innovation Solution
Hybrid product polar codes (HPPC) are employed, which are parallel concatenated codes with short-length vertical and horizontal component codes, enabling parallel decoding and improved error correction performance, low latency, and high throughput.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional polar codes with successive cancellation decoding are used, then capacity-achieving properties are obtained, but decoding latency is high and throughput is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the long-length polar code into multiple short-length component polar codes arranged in a product code structure. This segmentation enables parallel decoding of individual components while maintaining the overall error correction capability, thereby reducing decoding latency and increasing throughput without sacrificing reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from sequential 1D decoding to 2D parallel decoding by organizing component codes in a product code matrix with row and column dimensions. This dimensional change allows simultaneous processing of multiple code components, dramatically reducing decoding latency while preserving capacity-achieving properties.
2Reliability
If long-length polar codes are used to achieve capacity, then error correction performance is improved, but decoding latency increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the long-length polar code into multiple short-length component codes that can be decoded in parallel. This segmentation maintains the overall error correction performance by preserving the capacity-achieving properties of polar codes while enabling simultaneous processing, thereby significantly increasing decoding throughput.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite code structure by combining multiple short-length polar codes in a product code framework. This composite structure leverages the strengths of individual short codes (low latency) while achieving the error correction performance of long codes through parallel processing, thus improving both reliability and productivity.
3Productivity
If short-length component codes are used in product polar codes, then decoding latency is reduced and throughput is increased, but error rate performance at low SNR regions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple short-length polar codes into a product code structure where the combined system achieves error correction performance comparable to long codes. The merging of multiple short codes in a coordinated 2D decoding framework restores low SNR performance while maintaining the throughput benefits of short code processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses 2D product code structure with row and column dimensions to compensate for the reduced performance of individual short codes at low SNR. The additional dimensional structure provides redundant error correction paths that restore reliability while maintaining the parallel processing advantage of short codes.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosed hybrid product polar codes-based communication systems and methods for i) receiving a stream of information bits; ii) reshaping the stream of information bits into at least a first rectangular information matrix M1 of size Kr1×Kc1 and a second rectangular information matrix M2 of size Kr2×Kc2; iii) converting the rectangular information matrices M1 and M2 to 2D product polar code encoded matrices X1 and X2 respectively using product polar codes, the 2D product polar code encoded matrices X1 and X2 having a size of Nr1×Nc1 and Nr2×Nc2 respectively; iv) converting the 2D product polar code encoded matrices X1 and X2 to a stream of encoded bits X′; and v) encoding the stream of encoded bits X′ to a stream of polar encoded bits X″ using the polar codes.