Hybrid Active Passive RFID Tag Merging Read Range and Size

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Solution Overview

Problem

Active RFID tags are large, costly, and have limited operational life, while passive RFID tags offer better location accuracy but have shorter read ranges and require higher-powered readers, making them unsuitable for indoor use and practical applications.

Innovation Solution

A hybrid RFID system where a powered RFID tag reader simultaneously powers both active and passive RFID tags, using an adjustable signal to interrogate passive tags and combine data for accurate location determination, leveraging both tag types' strengths.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of stationary object

If active RFID tags are used, then read range is extended, but size, cost, and operational life are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread rangeVSAvoidsize
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines active and passive RFID tag functionalities into a single hybrid tag. The tag includes both a passive RFID circuit for receiving power and transmitting data, and an active transceiver powered by a battery for active transmission. This merging allows the tag to operate in both passive and active modes, achieving extended read range while reducing size and cost compared to traditional active tags.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Device complexity

If passive RFID tags are used, then size and cost are reduced, but read range is shortened and location accuracy is improved

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesizeVSAvoidread range
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The hybrid RFID tag merges passive and active functionalities, allowing it to operate in both modes. When passive mode is used, the tag benefits from reduced size and cost. When active mode is activated, the built-in battery-powered transceiver extends the read range. This dual-mode operation resolves the contradiction between size reduction and read range extension.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The hybrid tag dynamically switches between passive and active operational modes based on requirements. The system can adaptively select the appropriate mode - using passive mode for short-range, cost-sensitive applications and active mode for extended read range requirements - thereby dynamically optimizing performance characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Duration of action of stationary object

If passive RFID tags are used, then operational life is extended, but read range is limited requiring higher-powered readers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational lifeVSAvoidread range
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The hybrid tag combines the unlimited operational life advantage of passive tags with the extended read range capability of active tags. The passive RFID circuit provides virtually unlimited operational life, while the optional active transceiver with battery extends read range when needed, resolving the contradiction between operational life and read range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Adaptability or versatility

If active RFID tags are used, then read/write functionality is enabled, but location accuracy is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread/write functionalityVSAvoidlocation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The hybrid tag merges the read/write capability of active tags with the location accuracy advantages of passive tags. The system can utilize passive mode for accurate location determination using RSSI and TDOA calculations, while maintaining the ability to perform read/write operations when in active mode, thus resolving the contradiction between functionality and measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves longer read ranges, improved location accuracy, and extended operational life while reducing costs and size, making it suitable for indoor and diverse applications.

Implementation Method 1

passive RFID tags obtain operating power from the electromagnetic transmissions generated by the reader

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2907077B1Active RFID tag with passive interrogator
Publication Date: 2020.10.07 THE BOEING CO
  • EP2907077B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2907077B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2907077B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A radiofrequency identification (RFID) device includes an active RFID tag that includes a power source and a passive RFID tag reader, the passive RFID tag reader electrically coupled to the power source of the active RFID tag.