Hybrid Server Cooling with Dual Fluid Loops for Heat Removal

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional cooling systems for servers in data centers are limited by the extent of air conditioning available, which restricts the amount of heat that can be removed, thereby limiting the performance of higher power server components.

Innovation Solution

A dual cooling system using a primary cooling fluid and a secondary cooling fluid, where the secondary cooling fluid is distinct from the primary cooling fluid, with heat transfer occurring between the two fluids through a heat exchanger, allowing for efficient cooling of both primary and peripheral heat-generating devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If conventional air cooling is used for server components, then the cooling system is simple and easy to implement, but the heat removal capacity is limited by air conditioning availability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling system simplicityVSAvoidheat removal capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is divided into two independent loops: a primary liquid cooling loop for high-density heat-generating components and a secondary air cooling loop for peripheral components. This segmentation allows each loop to be optimized for its specific cooling requirements, with the liquid loop providing high heat removal capacity and the air loop handling less demanding components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A heat exchanger serves as an intermediary component that transfers heat from the secondary cooling air to the primary cooling liquid. This mediator enables the two independent cooling loops to interact efficiently, allowing the system to leverage both liquid and air cooling capabilities while maintaining operational independence of each loop.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Power

If higher performance server components are used, then processing power increases, but heat dissipation requirements increase beyond conventional cooling capabilities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing powerVSAvoidheat dissipation requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs liquid hydraulics (primary cooling loop with coolant circulation) for high-power components instead of conventional air cooling. This hydraulic cooling approach provides superior heat transfer coefficients and heat removal capacity, enabling effective cooling of high-density processors and other high-power components that generate excessive heat for air cooling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Loss of energy

If a dual cooling system is implemented, then heat removal capacity increases, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat removal capacityVSAvoidcooling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The primary cooling liquid loop serves multiple functions: it directly cools high-density heat-generating components, cools the secondary cooling air through the heat exchanger, and can be integrated with external cooling infrastructure. This multi-functionality justifies the additional complexity by providing versatile heat management capabilities across different thermal zones and component types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This dual cooling system enhances the heat removal capacity, enabling higher performance levels for server components by effectively managing thermal loads and reducing the air conditioning load on the data center.

Implementation Method 1

cooling the at least one heat-generating electronic device with the primary cooling fluid further comprises passing a flow of the primary cooling fluid over the at least one heat-generating electronic device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

cooling the at least one heat-generating electronic device with the primary cooling fluid further includes passing a flow of the primary cooling fluid across a heat sink attached to the at least one heat-generating electronic device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConduction (thermal): Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

transferred heat from the secondary cooling fluid to the primary cooling fluid. The primary cooling fluid was provided to the at least one heat-generating electronic device and to the heat exchanger in parallel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat Exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP4398692A1Server with hybrid thermal management system
Publication Date: 2024.07.10 CARRIER CORP
  • EP4398692A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4398692A1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4398692A1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A method of cooling an assembly (30) including at least one heat-generating electronic device (30) and at least one peripheral heat-generating device (30) includes cooling the at least one heat-generating electronic device (50) with a primary cooling fluid (C1) and cooling the at least one heat-generating electronic device (50) and the at least one peripheral heat-generating device (50) with a secondary cooling fluid (C1). The secondary cooling fluid (C1) is distinct from the primary cooling fluid (C2).