Hybrid Energy Storage Control for Power-Balanced Microgrids
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge in microgrid systems is effectively coordinating and controlling the operating statuses of distributed power sources, energy storage devices, and loads to ensure stable and safe operation, particularly due to limited energy storage capacity and potential imbalances in charge and discharge power.
Innovation Solution
A power distribution control method for microgrid systems integrating electricity, hydrogen, and ammonia, utilizing a DC bus, energy router, ammonia cracking hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, photovoltaic generation, water electrolysis, hydrogen fuel cell, and electrochemical energy storage systems, with dynamic power distribution strategies based on state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) values to balance power and extend storage system life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If energy storage capacity is increased to balance power supply and demand, then power balance capability is improved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage system is segmented into multiple components: electrochemical energy storage system, hydrogen storage system, and ammonia cracking hydrogen production system. Each component handles specific power balance tasks based on its characteristics, avoiding the need for a single large-scale energy storage device and reducing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The hybrid energy storage system provides multiple functions: power balancing, energy storage, hydrogen production, and ammonia synthesis. By making the energy storage system multi-functional, the patent avoids adding separate systems for each function, thereby reducing overall system complexity while improving power balance capability.
2Productivity
If photovoltaic generation output is increased to reduce external grid dependence, then energy self-sufficiency is improved, but power stability deteriorates due to intermittent generation
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary action by using excess photovoltaic generation to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis and to charge the electrochemical energy storage system during periods of high generation. This stored energy and produced hydrogen are then available to maintain power stability when photovoltaic generation is low or intermittent.
Solution Approach 2:
The hybrid energy storage system acts as an intermediary between the intermittent photovoltaic generation and the DC load. It buffers the variability of photovoltaic output and provides stable power to the load, thereby maintaining power stability while enabling high energy self-sufficiency.
3Speed
If electrochemical energy storage is used for rapid power response, then power response speed is improved, but service life deteriorates due to degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The control system dynamically adjusts the charge/discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage system based on real-time SOC and SOH values. When SOH is high, the system allows more aggressive charge/discharge cycles for rapid response. When SOH decreases, the system reduces the charge/discharge rate to extend service life, creating a dynamic balance between response speed and durability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback control by continuously monitoring SOC and SOH values of the electrochemical energy storage system. Based on this feedback, the control strategy adjusts the charge/discharge power to optimize both power response speed and service life. The feedback mechanism ensures that the system operates within safe boundaries while maximizing performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures voltage stability and power balance, reduces dependence on external grids, enhances self-balancing, and extends the service life of energy storage systems by adjusting system operations based on SOC and SOH values.
Implementation Method 1
a photovoltaic generation system
Implementation Method 2
a water electrolysis hydrogen production system
Implementation Method 3
an electrochemical energy storage system
Implementation Method 4
a hydrogen fuel cell system
Data Source
AI summary
A method for power distribution control in a microgrid system integrating electricity, hydrogen, and ammonia, and a device are disclosed. The method includes: acquiring an output power of the photovoltaic generation system and a power of the DC load and determining a charge/discharge power of a hybrid energy storage system constituted the hydrogen storage system and the electrochemical energy storage system; and acquiring a state of charge (SOC) value of the electrochemical energy storage system and a state of health (SOH) value of the hydrogen storage system, and determining a power distribution control strategy according to the charge/discharge power of the hybrid energy storage system to adjust an operating status of the power distribution control strategy.