Hybrid Switch Control for Arc Reignition Prevention

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing hybrid switches suffer from prolonged current flow through the mechanical switch after disconnection, leading to potential arc reignition and component damage due to the fixed, relatively long duration of the semiconductor switch engagement, which is not optimized for specific applications.

Innovation Solution

The method adjusts the current flow through the semiconductor switch based on real-time electrical parameters to minimize the duration of current flow post-disconnection, preventing arc reignition by varying the conductivity of the semiconductor switch according to the specific conditions of each switching operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the time period is chosen long to ensure arc extinction, then reliability is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to prolonged current flow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearc extinction reliabilityVSAvoidswitching speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the semiconductor switch controllable and adjustable. The control unit dynamically adjusts the conductivity of the semiconductor switch based on real-time monitoring of the main current path's electrical characteristic. This allows the system to transition from a static fixed time-period approach to a dynamic adaptive approach, resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring the electrical characteristic (conductivity) of the main current path and using this information to adjust the semiconductor switch's conductivity. The control unit receives feedback about the arc extinction status and adjusts the semiconductor switch accordingly, enabling safe and rapid switching by adapting to actual conditions rather than relying on conservative fixed time periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If the time period is increased for all applications, then reliability is improved, but use of energy deteriorates due to prolonged current flow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearc extinction reliabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the semiconductor switch's conductivity based on actual arc extinction conditions rather than using a universally long time period. This allows the system to minimize energy consumption by maintaining current flow only as long as necessary for safe arc extinction, adapting to specific application requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of semiconductor switch conductivity based on the electrical characteristic of the main current path. By monitoring conductivity changes in the main current path and adjusting the semiconductor switch's conductivity parameter accordingly, the system achieves reliable arc extinction with optimized energy usage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If the semiconductor switch is kept energized for longer, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases due to extended control requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent interruption safetyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system uses feedback from the monitored electrical characteristic of the main current path to automatically adjust the semiconductor switch's conductivity. This feedback mechanism simplifies the control logic by using real-time condition-based decisions rather than complex predetermined control sequences, achieving reliable current interruption with manageable system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-service by using the electrical characteristic monitoring to automatically control the semiconductor switch without requiring external complex control inputs. The control unit autonomously adjusts the semiconductor switch based on the monitored conductivity of the main current path, reducing the need for complex external control systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach ensures safe and reliable current interruption with reduced duration of current flow, minimizing the risk of arc reignition and component damage, while optimizing energy usage and switch robustness.

Implementation Method 1

the arc voltage across it (as a result of the arc) switches the semiconductor switch to current-conducting

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectArc discharge: Electric Arc

Implementation Method 2

An ionized gas created by the arc exists between the switching contacts of the mechanical switch and dissipates over time

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDeionization: Ionisation

Data Source

PatentEP4443461B1Method for operating a hybrid switch, and hybrid switch
Publication Date: 2026.05.06 ELLENBERGER & POENSGEN GMBH
  • EP4443461B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4443461B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP4443461B1 patent drawingFigure 7~9

AI summary

The invention relates to a method (28) for operating a hybrid switch (10) comprising a main current path (14) with a isolating element (16) and a secondary current path (22) connected in parallel to the main current path (14) with a semiconductor switch (26). According to the method (28), the isolating element (16) is opened, and an electrical parameter (20) of the main current path (14) is determined. A current flow through the semiconductor switch (24) is adjusted depending on the parameter (20). The invention further relates to a hybrid switch (10) for this purpose.