A composition for impregnating materials to shield against the effects of alternating electromagnetic fields, its application in coating/impregnating fibrous and/or porous matrices and materials containing the same
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electromagnetic field shielding materials are heavy, expensive, and often require grounding, and they fail to effectively shield low-frequency electromagnetic fields without grounding, while also being unsuitable for use in various forms such as foils, nonwovens, plaster, or wood, especially at low relative humidities.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of hydratable salts, acrylic or styrene-acrylic dispersion, silicone emulsion, surfactants, aluminosilicates, and silicates, which is used to impregnate materials, providing electromagnetic field shielding capabilities from 10^-2 Hz to 10^6 Hz without the need for grounding, and can be formulated into various forms like foils, nonwovens, or coatings for construction materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If classical shielding materials (metals, carbon, conductive polymers) are used, then electromagnetic field shielding is achieved, but the materials become heavy and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials consisting of dielectric polymers combined with magnetic particles (ferrites, iron oxides) to achieve electromagnetic shielding. This composite approach allows the material to exhibit both dielectric and magnetic properties, enabling effective shielding against electromagnetic fields while maintaining low weight compared to traditional metal shields.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes materials with adjustable dielectric permittivity and magnetic susceptibility parameters. By carefully selecting and combining materials with specific electromagnetic parameters, the shielding effectiveness is optimized across different frequency ranges without requiring heavy metal construction.
2Reliability
If single-phase materials are used for shielding, then high electric conductivity is achieved, but the materials require grounding and are unsuitable for low-frequency fields
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials consisting of dielectric polymers combined with magnetic particles (ferrites, iron oxides) to achieve electromagnetic shielding. This composite approach allows the material to exhibit both dielectric and magnetic properties, enabling effective shielding against electromagnetic fields while maintaining low weight compared to traditional metal shields.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes materials with adjustable dielectric permittivity and magnetic susceptibility parameters. By carefully selecting and combining materials with specific electromagnetic parameters, the shielding effectiveness is optimized across different frequency ranges without requiring heavy metal construction.
3Reliability
If existing shielding materials are used, then electromagnetic field shielding is achieved, but they are unsuitable for use in various forms such as foils, nonwovens, plaster, or wood
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal shielding composition based on dielectric-polymer/magnetic-particle composites that can be adapted to multiple substrate types including foils, nonwovens, plaster, and wood. The composition is designed to be applied in various forms (coatings, impregnations, laminates) making it universally applicable across different material substrates and application scenarios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively shields electromagnetic fields across a broad frequency range, is lightweight, and can be used in various forms, providing efficient protection against electromagnetic radiation in different applications without the need for grounding, thus addressing the limitations of existing shielding materials.
Implementation Method 1
a) hygroscopic properties of the shield
Implementation Method 2
a) dielectric properties of the polymer
Implementation Method 3
b) magnetic properties of the salt hydrate
Data Source
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AI summary
The object of the invention is a composition for impregnating other materials, rendering them able to shield alternating electromagnetic fields in the range from low frequencies up to radio frequencies, containing an aqueous solution of salt that may form hydrates or a combination of salts, of which at least one forms a hydrate, characterised in that it contains an acrylic and/or styrene-acrylic dispersion and/or silicone emulsion and/or enhancing additives selected from a group containing surfactants and/or aluminosilicates and silicates and/or soluble and insoluble calcium compounds, metal and metalloid oxides, while an alternating field is shielded at least in range from 10-2 Hz to 106 Hz and its application for coating/impregnating fibrous and/or porous matrix and materials containing the thereof.